Maritime Law of the People's Republic of China
中華人民共和國(guó)海商法
(Adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on November 7, 1992 and promulgated by Order No.64 of the President of the People's Republic of China on November 7, 1992)
（1992年11月7日第七屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二十八次會(huì)議通過(guò) 1992年11月7日中華人民共和國(guó)主席令第六十四號(hào)公布 自1993年7月1日起施行）
Contents
目 錄
Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 總 則
Chapter II Ships
第二章 船 舶
Section 1 Ownership of Ships
第一節(jié) 船舶所有權(quán)
Section 2 Mortgage of Ships
第二節(jié) 船舶抵押權(quán)
Section 3 Maritime Liens
第三節(jié) 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)
Chapter III Crew
第三章 船員
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Section 2 The Master
第二節(jié) 船長(zhǎng)
Chapter IV Contract of Carriage of Goods by Sea
第四章 海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Section 2 Carrier's Responsibilities
第二節(jié) 承運(yùn)人的責(zé)任
Section 3 Shipper's Responsibilities
第三節(jié) 托運(yùn)人的責(zé)任
Section 4 Transport Documents
第四節(jié) 運(yùn)輸單證
Section 5 Delivery of Goods
第五節(jié) 貨物交付
Section 6 Cancellation of Contract
第六節(jié) 合同的解除
Section 7 Special Provisions Regarding Voyage Charter Party
第七節(jié) 航次租船合同的特別規(guī)定
Section 8 Special Provisions Regarding Multimodal Transport Contract
第八節(jié) 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同的特別規(guī)定
Chapter V Contract of Carriage of Passengers by Sea
第五章 海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同
Chapter VI Charter Parties
第六章 船舶租用合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Section 2 Time Charter Party
第二節(jié) 定期租船合同
Section 3 Bareboat Charter Party
第三節(jié) 光船租賃合同
Chapter VII Contract of Sea Towage
第七章 海上拖航合同
Chapter VIII Collision of Ships
第八章 船舶碰撞
Chapter IX Salvage at Sea
第九章 海難救助
Chapter X General Average
第十章 共同海損
Chapter XI Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims
第十一章 海事賠償責(zé)任限制
Chapter XII Contract of Marine Insurance
第十二章 海上保險(xiǎn)合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Section 2 Conclusion, Termination and Assignment of Contract
第二節(jié) 合同的訂立、解除和轉(zhuǎn)讓
Section 3 Obligations of the Insured
第三節(jié) 被保險(xiǎn)人的義務(wù)
Section 4 Liability of the Insurer
第四節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)人的責(zé)任
Section 5 Loss of and Damage to the Subject Matter Insured and Abandonment
第五節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的損失和委付
Section 6 Payment of Indemnity
第六節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)賠償?shù)闹Ц?/span>
Chapter XIII Limitation of Time
第十三章 時(shí)效
Chapter XIV Application of Law in Relation to Foreign-related Matters
第十四章 涉外關(guān)系的法律適用
Chapter XV Supplementary Provisions
第十五章 附 則
Contents Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 總 則
Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to regulating the relations arising from maritime transport and those pertaining to ships, to securing and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned, and to promoting the development of maritime transport, economy and trade.
第一條 為了調(diào)整海上運(yùn)輸關(guān)系、船舶關(guān)系，維護(hù)當(dāng)事人各方的合法權(quán)益，促進(jìn)海上運(yùn)輸和經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，制定本法。
Article 2 "Maritime transport" as referred to in this Law means the carriage of goods and passengers by sea, including the sea-river and river-sea direct transport.
第二條 本法所稱(chēng)海上運(yùn)輸，是指海上貨物運(yùn)輸和海上旅客運(yùn)輸，包括海江之間、江海之間的直達(dá)運(yùn)輸。
The provisions concerning contracts of carriage of goods by sea as contained in Chapter IV of this Law shall not be applicable to the maritime transport of goods between the ports of the People's Republic of China.
本法第四章海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同的規(guī)定，不適用于中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間的海上貨物運(yùn)輸。
Article 3 "Ship" as referred to in this Law means sea-going ships and other mobile units, but does not include ships or craft to be used for military or public service purposes, nor small ships of less than 20 tons gross tonnage.
第三條 本法所稱(chēng)船舶，是指海船和其他海上移動(dòng)式裝置，但是用于軍事的、政府公務(wù)的船舶和２０總噸以下的小型船艇除外。
The term "ship" as referred to in the preceding paragraph shall also include ship's apparel.
前款所稱(chēng)船舶，包括船舶屬具。
Article 4 Maritime transport and towage services between the ports of the People's Republic of China shall be undertaken by ships flying the national flag of the People's Republic of China, except as otherwise provided for by laws or administrative rules and regulations.
第四條 中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間的海上運(yùn)輸和拖航，由懸掛中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)旗的船舶經(jīng)營(yíng)。但是，法律、行政法規(guī)另有規(guī)定的除外。
No foreign ships may engage in the maritime transport or towage services between the ports of the People's Republic of China unless permitted by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council.
非經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)批準(zhǔn)，外國(guó)籍船舶不得經(jīng)營(yíng)中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間的海上運(yùn)輸和拖航。
Article 5 Ships are allowed to sail under the national flag of the People's Republic of China after being registered, as required by law, and granted the nationality of the People's Republic of China.
第五條 船舶經(jīng)依法登記取得中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)籍，有權(quán)懸掛中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)旗航行。
Ships illegally flying the national flag of the People's Republic of China shall be prohibited and fined by the authorities concerned.
船舶非法懸掛中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)旗航行的，由有關(guān)機(jī)關(guān)予以制止，處以罰款。
Article 6 All matters pertaining to maritime transport shall be administered by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council. The specific measures governing such administration shall be worked out by such authorities and implemented after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
第六條 海上運(yùn)輸由國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)統(tǒng)一管理，具體辦法由國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)制定，報(bào)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)后施行。
Chapter II Ships
第二章 船 舶
Section 1 Ownership of Ships
第一節(jié) 船舶所有權(quán)
Article 7 The ownership of a ship means the shipowner's rights to lawfully possess, utilize, profit from and dispose of the ship in his ownership.
第七條 船舶所有權(quán)，是指船舶所有人依法對(duì)其船舶享有占有、使用、收益和處分的權(quán)利。
Article 8 With respect to a State-owned ship operated by an enterprise owned by the whole people having a legal person status granted by the State, the provisions of this Law regarding the shipowner shall apply to that legal person.
第八條 國(guó)家所有的船舶由國(guó)家授予具有法人資格的全民所有制企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理的，本法有關(guān)船舶所有人的規(guī)定適用于該法人。
Article 9 The acquisition, transference or extinction of the ownership of a ship shall be registered at the ship registration authorities; no acquisition, transference or extinction of the ship's ownership shall act against a third party unless registered.
第九條 船舶所有權(quán)的取得、轉(zhuǎn)讓和消滅，應(yīng)當(dāng)向船舶登記機(jī)關(guān)登記；未經(jīng)登記的，不得對(duì)抗第三人。
The transference of the ownership of a ship shall be made by a contract in writing.
船舶所有權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)瑧?yīng)當(dāng)簽訂書(shū)面合同。
Article 10 Where a ship is jointly owned by two or more legal persons or individuals, the joint ownership thereof shall be registered at the ship registration authorities. The joint ownership of the ship shall not act against a third party unless registered.
第十條 船舶由兩個(gè)以上的法人或者個(gè)人共有的，應(yīng)當(dāng)向船舶登記機(jī)關(guān)登記；未經(jīng)登記的，不得對(duì)抗第三人。
Section 2 Mortgage of Ships
第二節(jié) 船舶抵押權(quán)
Article 11 The right of mortgage with respect to a ship is the right of preferred compensation enjoyed by the mortgagee of that ship from the proceeds of the auction sale made in accordance with law where and when the mortgagor fails to pay his debt to the mortgagee secured by the mortgage of that ship.
第十一條 船舶抵押權(quán)，是指抵押權(quán)人對(duì)于抵押人提供的作為債務(wù)擔(dān)保的船舶，在抵押人不履行債務(wù)時(shí)，可以依法拍賣(mài)，從賣(mài)得的價(jià)款中優(yōu)先受償?shù)臋?quán)利。
Article 12 The owner of a ship or those authorized thereby may establish the mortgage of the ship.
第十二條 船舶所有人或者船舶所有人授權(quán)的人可以設(shè)定船舶抵押權(quán)。
The mortgage of a ship shall be established by a contract in writing.
船舶抵押權(quán)的設(shè)定，應(yīng)當(dāng)簽訂書(shū)面合同。
Article 13 The mortgage of a ship shall be established by registering the mortgage of the ship with the ship registration authorities jointly by the mortgagee and the mortgagor. No mortgage may act against a third party unless registered.
第十三條 設(shè)定船舶抵押權(quán)，由抵押權(quán)人和抵押人共同向船舶登記機(jī)關(guān)辦理抵押權(quán)登記；未經(jīng)登記的，不得對(duì)抗第三人。
The main items for the registration of the mortgage of a ship shall be:
船舶抵押權(quán)登記，包括下列主要項(xiàng)目：
(1) Name or designation and address of the mortgagee and the name or designation and address of the mortgagor of the ship;
（一）船舶抵押權(quán)人和抵押人的姓名或者名稱(chēng)、地址；
(2) Name and nationality of the mortgaged ship and the authorities that issued the certificate of ownership and the certificate number thereof;
（二）被抵押船舶的名稱(chēng)、國(guó)籍、船舶所有權(quán)證書(shū)的頒發(fā)機(jī)關(guān)和證書(shū)號(hào)碼；
(3) Amount of debt secured, the interest rate and the period for the repayment of the debt.
（三）所擔(dān)保的債權(quán)數(shù)額、利息率、受償期限。
Information about the registration of mortgage of ships shall be accessible to the public for enquiry.
船舶抵押權(quán)的登記狀況，允許公眾查詢(xún)。
Article 14 Mortgage may be established on a ship under construction.
第十四條 建造中的船舶可以設(shè)定船舶抵押權(quán)。
In registering the mortgage of a ship under construction, the building contract of the ship shall as well be submitted to the ship registration authorities.
建造中的船舶辦理抵押權(quán)登記，還應(yīng)當(dāng)向船舶登記機(jī)關(guān)提交船舶建造合同。
Article 15 The mortgaged ship shall be insured by the mortgagor unless the contract provides otherwise. In case the ship is not insured, the mortgagee has the right to place the ship under insurance coverage and the mortgagor shall pay for the premium thereof.
第十五條 除合同另有約定外，抵押人應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)被抵押船舶進(jìn)行保險(xiǎn)；未保險(xiǎn)的，抵押權(quán)人有權(quán)對(duì)該船舶進(jìn)行保險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)由抵押人負(fù)擔(dān)。
Article 16 The establishment of mortgage by the joint owners of a ship shall, unless otherwise agreed upon among the joint owners, be subject to the agreement of those joint owners who have more than two thirds of the shares thereof.
第十六條 船舶共有人就共有船舶設(shè)定抵押權(quán)，應(yīng)當(dāng)取得持有三分之二以上份額的共有人的同意，共有人之間另有約定的除外。
The mortgage established by the joint owners of a ship shall not be affected by virtue of the division of ownership thereof.
船舶共有人設(shè)定的抵押權(quán)，不因船舶的共有權(quán)的分割而受影響。
Article 17 Once a mortgage is established on a ship, the ownership of the mortgaged ship shall not be transferred without the consent of the mortgagee.
第十七條 船舶抵押權(quán)設(shè)定后，未經(jīng)抵押權(quán)人同意，抵押人不得將被抵押船舶轉(zhuǎn)讓給他人。
Article 18 In case the mortgagee has transferred all or part of his right to debt secured by the mortgaged ship to another person, the mortgage shall be transferred accordingly.
第十八條 抵押權(quán)人將被抵押船舶所擔(dān)保的債權(quán)全部或者部分轉(zhuǎn)讓他人的，抵押權(quán)隨之轉(zhuǎn)移。
Article 19 Two or more mortgages may be established on the same ship. The ranking of the mortgages shall be determined according to the dates of their respective registrations.
第十九條 同一船舶可以設(shè)定兩個(gè)以上抵押權(quán)，其順序以登記的先后為準(zhǔn)。
In case two or more mortgages are established, the mortgagees shall be paid out of the proceeds of the auction sale of the ship in the order of registration of their respective mortgages. The mortgages registered on the same date shall rank equally for payment.
同一船舶設(shè)定兩個(gè)以上抵押權(quán)的，抵押權(quán)人按照抵押權(quán)登記的先后順序，從船舶拍賣(mài)所得價(jià)款中依次受償。同日登記的抵押權(quán)，按照同一順序受償。
Article 20 The mortgages shall be extinguished when the mortgaged ship is lost. With respect to the compensation paid from the insurance coverage on account of the loss of the ship, the mortgagee shall be entitled to enjoy priority in compensation over other creditors.
第二十條 被低押船舶滅失，抵押權(quán)隨之消滅。由于船舶滅失得到的保險(xiǎn)賠償，抵押權(quán)人有權(quán)優(yōu)先于其他債權(quán)人受償。
Section 3 Maritime Liens
第三節(jié) 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)
Article 21 A maritime lien is the right of the claimant, subject to the provisions of Article 22 of this Law, to take priority in compensation against shipowners, bareboat charterers or ship operators with respect to the ship which gave rise to the said claim.
第二十一條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)，是指海事請(qǐng)求人依照本法第二十二條的規(guī)定，向船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶經(jīng)營(yíng)人提出海事請(qǐng)求，對(duì)產(chǎn)生該海事請(qǐng)求的船舶具有優(yōu)先受償?shù)臋?quán)利。
Article 22 The following maritime claims shall be entitled to maritime liens:
第二十二條 下列各項(xiàng)海事請(qǐng)求具有船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)：
(1) Payment claims for wages, other remuneration, crew repatriation and social insurance costs made by the Master, crew members and other members of the complement in accordance with the relevant labour laws, administrative rules and regulations or labour contracts;
（一）船長(zhǎng)、船員和在船上工作的其他在編人員根據(jù)勞動(dòng)法律、行政法規(guī)或者勞動(dòng)合同所產(chǎn)生的工資、其他勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬、船員遣返費(fèi)用和社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用的給付請(qǐng)求；
(2) Claims in respect of loss of life or personal injury occurred in the operation of the ship;
（二）在船舶營(yíng)運(yùn)中發(fā)生的人身傷亡的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(3) Payment claims for ship's tonnage dues, pilotage dues, harbour dues and other port charges;
（三）船舶噸稅、引航費(fèi)、港務(wù)費(fèi)和其他港口規(guī)費(fèi)的繳付請(qǐng)求；
(4) Payment claims for salvage payment; and
（四）海難救助的救助款項(xiàng)的給付請(qǐng)求；
(5) Compensation claims for loss of or damage to property resulting from tortious act in the course of the operation of the ship.
（五）船舶在營(yíng)運(yùn)中因侵權(quán)行為產(chǎn)生的財(cái)產(chǎn)賠償請(qǐng)求。
Compensation claims for oil pollution damage caused by a ship carrying more than 2,000 tons of oil in bulk as cargo that has a valid certificate attesting that the ship has oil pollution liability insurance coverage or other appropriate financial security are not within the scope of sub-paragraph(5) of the preceding paragraph.
載運(yùn)２０００噸以上的散裝貨油的船舶，持有有效的證書(shū)，證明已經(jīng)進(jìn)行油污損害民事責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)或者具有相應(yīng)的財(cái)務(wù)保證的，對(duì)其造成的油污損害的賠償請(qǐng)求，不屬于前款第（五）項(xiàng)規(guī)定的范圍。
Article 23 The maritime claims set out in paragraph 1 of Article 22 shall be satisfied in the order listed. However, any of the maritime claims set out in sub-paragraph(4) arising later than those under sub-paragraph (1) through (3) shall have priority over those under sub-paragraph (1) through (3).
第二十三條 本法第二十二條第一款所列各項(xiàng)海事請(qǐng)求，依照順序受償。但是，第（四）項(xiàng)海事請(qǐng)求，后于第（一）項(xiàng)至第（三）項(xiàng)發(fā)生的，應(yīng)當(dāng)先于第（一）項(xiàng)至第（三）項(xiàng)受償。
In case there are more than two maritime claims under sub-paragraphs (1),(2),(3) or (5) of paragraph 1 of Article 22, they shall be satisfied at the same time regardless of their respective occurrences; where they could not be paid in full, they shall be paid in proportion. Should there be more than two maritime claims under sub-paragraph (4), those arising later shall be satisfied first.
本法第二十二條第一款第（一）、（二）、（三）、（五）項(xiàng)中有兩個(gè)以上海事請(qǐng)求的，不分先后，同時(shí)受償；不足受償?shù)?，按照比例受償。第（四）?xiàng)中有兩個(gè)以上海事請(qǐng)求的，后發(fā)生的先受償。
Article 24 The legal costs for enforcing the maritime liens, the expenses for preserving and selling the ship, the expenses for distribution of the proceeds of sale and other expenses incurred for the common interests of the claimants, shall be deducted and paid first from the proceeds of the auction sale of the ship.
第二十四條 因行使船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)產(chǎn)生的訴訟費(fèi)用，保存、拍賣(mài)船舶和分配船舶價(jià)款產(chǎn)生的費(fèi)用，以及為海事請(qǐng)求人的共同利益而支付的其他費(fèi)用，應(yīng)當(dāng)從船舶拍賣(mài)所得價(jià)款中先行撥付。
Article 25 A maritime lien shall have priority over a possessory lien, and a possessory lien shall have priority over ship mortgage.
第二十五條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)先于船舶留置權(quán)受償，船舶抵押權(quán)后于船舶留置權(quán)受償。
The possessory lien referred to in the preceding paragraph means the right of the ship builder or repairer to secure the building or repairing cost of the ship by means of detaining the ship in his possession when the other party to the contract fails in the performance thereof. The possessory lien shall be extinguished when the ship builder or repairer no longer possesses the ship he has built or repaired.
前款所稱(chēng)船舶留置權(quán)，是指造船人、修船人在合同另一方未履行合同時(shí)，可以留置所占有的船舶，以保證造船費(fèi)用或者修船費(fèi)用得以?xún)斶€的權(quán)利。船舶留置權(quán)在造船人、修船人不再占有所造或者所修的船舶時(shí)消滅。
Article 26 Maritime liens shall not be extinguished by virtue of the transfer of the ownership of the ship, except those that have not been enforced within 60 days of a public notice on the transfer of the ownership of the ship made by a court at the request of the transferee when the transfer was effected.
第二十六條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)不因船舶所有權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓而消滅。但是，船舶轉(zhuǎn)讓時(shí)，船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)自法院應(yīng)受讓人申請(qǐng)予以公告之日起滿六十日不行使的除外。
Article 27 In case the maritime claims provided for in Article 22 of this Law are transferred, the maritime liens attached thereto shall be transferred accordingly.
第二十七條 本法第二十二條規(guī)定的海事請(qǐng)求權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移的，其船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)隨之轉(zhuǎn)移。
Article 28 A maritime lien shall be enforced by the court by arresting the ship that gave rise to the said maritime lien.
第二十八條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)法院扣押產(chǎn)生優(yōu)先權(quán)的船舶行使。
Article 29 A maritime lien shall, except as provided for in Article 26 of this Law, be extinguished under one of the following circumstances:
第二十九條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)，除本法第二十六條規(guī)定的外，因下列原因之一而消滅：
(1) The maritime claim attached by a maritime lien has not been enforced within one year of the existence of such maritime lien;
（一）具有船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的海事請(qǐng)求，自?xún)?yōu)先權(quán)產(chǎn)生之日起滿一年不行使；
(2) The ship in question has been the subject of a forced sale by the court; or
（二）船舶經(jīng)法院強(qiáng)制出售；
(3) The ship has been lost.
（三）船舶滅失。
The period of one year specified in sub-paragraph (1) of the preceding paragraph shall not be suspended or interrupted.
前款第（一）項(xiàng)的一年期限，不得中止或者中斷。
Article 30 The provisions of this Section shall not affect the implementation of the limitation of liability for maritime claims provided for in Chapter Xl of this Law.
第三十條 本節(jié)規(guī)定不影響本法第十一章關(guān)于海事賠償責(zé)任限制規(guī)定的實(shí)施。
Chapter III Crew
第三章 船 員
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Article 31 The term "crew" means the entire complement of the ship, including the Master.
第三十一條 船員，是指包括船長(zhǎng)在內(nèi)的船上一切任職人員。
Article 32 The Master, deck officers, chief engineer, engineers, electrical engineer and radio operator must be those in possession of appropriate certificates of competency.
第三十二條 船長(zhǎng)、駕駛員、輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)、輪機(jī)員、電機(jī)員、報(bào)務(wù)員，必須由持有相應(yīng)適任證書(shū)的人擔(dān)任。
Article 33 Chinese "crew" engaged in international voyages must possess Seaman's Book and other relevant certificates issued by the harbour superintendency authorities of the People's Republic of China.
第三十三條 從事國(guó)際航行的船舶的中國(guó)籍船員，必須持有中華人民共和國(guó)港務(wù)監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)頒發(fā)的海員證和有關(guān)證書(shū)。
Article 34 In the absence of specific stipulations in this Law as regards the employment of the crew as well as their labour-related rights and obligations, the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations shall apply.
第三十四條 船員的任用和勞動(dòng)方面的權(quán)利、義務(wù)，本法沒(méi)有規(guī)定的，適用有關(guān)法律、行政法規(guī)的規(guī)定。
Section 2 The Master
第二節(jié) 船 長(zhǎng)
Article 35 The Master shall be responsible for the management and navigation of the ship.
第三十五條 船長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)船舶的管理和駕駛。
Orders given by the Master within the scope of his functions and powers must be carried out by other members of the crew, the passengers and all persons on board.
船長(zhǎng)在其職權(quán)范圍內(nèi)發(fā)布的命令，船員、旅客和其他在船人員都必須執(zhí)行。
The Master shall take necessary measures to protect the ship and all persons on board, the documents, postal matters, the goods as well as other property carried.
船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)采取必要的措施，保護(hù)船舶和在船人員、文件、郵件、貨物以及其他財(cái)產(chǎn)。
Article 36 To ensure the safety of the ship and all persons on board, the Master shall be entitled to confine or take other necessary measures against those who have committed crimes or violated laws or regulations on board, and to guard against their concealment, destruction or forging of evidence.
第三十六條 為保障在船人員和船舶的安全，船長(zhǎng)有權(quán)對(duì)在船上進(jìn)行違法、犯罪活動(dòng)的人采取禁閉或者其他必要措施，并防止其隱匿、毀滅、偽造證據(jù)。
The Master, having taken actions as referred to in the preceding paragraph of this Article, shall make a written report of the case, which shall bear the signature of the Master himself and those of two or more others on board, and shall be handed over, together with the offender, to the authorities concerned for disposition.
船長(zhǎng)采取前款措施，應(yīng)當(dāng)制作案情報(bào)告書(shū)，由船長(zhǎng)和兩名以上在船人員簽字，連同人犯送交有關(guān)當(dāng)局處理。
Article 37 The Master shall make entries in the log book of any occurrence of birth or death on board and shall issue a certificate to that effect in the presence of two witnesses. The death certificate shall be attached with a list of personal belongings of the deceased, and attestation shall be given by the Master to the will, if any, of the deceased. Both the death certificate and the will shall be taken into safe keeping by the Master and handed over to the family members of the deceased or the organizations concerned.
第三十七條 船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)將船上發(fā)生的出生或者死亡事件記入航海日志，并在兩名證人的參加下制作證明書(shū)。死亡證明書(shū)應(yīng)當(dāng)附有死者遺物清單。死者有遺囑的，船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)予以證明。死亡證明書(shū)和遺囑由船長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)保管，并送交家屬或者有關(guān)方面。
Article 38 Where a sea casualty has occurred to a ship and the life and property on board have thus been threatened, the Master shall, with crew members and other persons on board under his command, make best efforts to run to the rescue. Should the foundering and loss of the ship have become inevitable, the Master may decide to abandon the ship. However, such abandonment shall be reported to the shipowner for approval except in case of emergency.
第三十八條 船舶發(fā)生海上事故，危及在船人員和財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全時(shí)，船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)組織船員和其他在船人員盡力施救。在船舶的沉沒(méi)、毀滅不可避免的情況下，船長(zhǎng)可以作出棄船決定；但是，除緊急情況外，應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)經(jīng)船舶所有人同意。
Upon abandoning the ship, the Master must take all measures first to evacuate the passengers safely from the ship in an orderly way, then make arrangements for crew members to evacuate, while the Master shall be the last to evacuate. Before leaving the ship, the Master shall direct the crew members to do their utmost to rescue the deck log book, the engine log book, the oil record book, the radio log book, the charts, documents and papers used in the current voyage, as well as valuables, postal matters and cash money.
棄船時(shí)，船長(zhǎng)必須采取一切措施，首先組織旅客安全離船，然后安排船員離船，船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)最后離船。在離船前，船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)指揮船員盡力搶救航海日志、機(jī)艙日志、油類(lèi)記錄簿、無(wú)線電臺(tái)日志、本航次使用過(guò)的海圖和文件，以及貴重物品、郵件和現(xiàn)金。
Article 39 The duty of the Master in the management and navigation of the ship shall not be absolved even with the presence of a pilot piloting the ship.
第三十九條 船長(zhǎng)管理船舶和駕駛船舶的責(zé)任，不因引航員引領(lǐng)船舶而解除。
Article 40 Should death occur to the Master or the Master be unable to perform his duties for whatever reason, the deck officer with the highest rank shall act as the Master; before the ship sails from its next port of call, the shipowner shall appoint a new Master to take command.
第四十條 船長(zhǎng)在航行中死亡或者因故不能執(zhí)行職務(wù)時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)由駕駛員中職務(wù)最高的人代理船長(zhǎng)職務(wù)；在下一個(gè)港口開(kāi)航前，船舶所有人應(yīng)當(dāng)指派新船長(zhǎng)接任。
Chapter IV Contract of Carriage of Goods by Sea
第四章 海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Article 41 A contract of carriage of goods by sea is a contract under which the carrier, against payment of freight, undertakes to carry by sea the goods contracted for shipment by the shipper from one port to another.
第四十一條 海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同，是指承運(yùn)人收取運(yùn)費(fèi)，負(fù)責(zé)將托運(yùn)人托運(yùn)的貨物經(jīng)海路由一港運(yùn)至另一港的合同。
Article 42 For the purposes of this Chapter:
第四十二條 本章下列用語(yǔ)的含義：
(1) "Carrier" means the person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a shipper;
（一）“承運(yùn)人”，是指本人或者委托他人以本人名義與托運(yùn)人訂立海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同的人。
(2) "Actual carrier" means the person to whom the performance of carriage of goods, or of part of the carriage, has been entrusted by the carrier, and includes any other person to whom such performance has been entrusted under a sub-contract;
（二）“實(shí)際承運(yùn)人”，是指接受承運(yùn)人委托，從事貨物運(yùn)輸或者部分運(yùn)輸?shù)娜?，包括接受轉(zhuǎn)委托從事此項(xiàng)運(yùn)輸?shù)钠渌恕?/span>
(3) "Shipper" means:
（三）“托運(yùn)人”，是指：
a) The person by whom or in whose name or on whose behalf a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a carrier;
１．本人或者委托他人以本人名義或者委托他人為本人與承運(yùn)人訂立海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同的人；
b) The person by whom or in whose name or on whose behalf the goods have been delivered to the carrier involved in the contract of carriage of goods by sea;
２．本人或者委托他人以本人名義或者委托他人為本人將貨物交給與海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同有關(guān)的承運(yùn)人的人。
(4) "Consignee" means the person who is entitled to take delivery of the goods;
（四）“收貨人”，是指有權(quán)提取貨物的人。
(5) "Goods" includes live animals and containers, pallets or similar articles of transport supplied by the shipper for consolidating the goods.
（五）“貨物”，包括活動(dòng)物和由托運(yùn)人提供的用于集裝貨物的集裝箱、貨盤(pán)或者類(lèi)似的裝運(yùn)器具。
Article 43 The carrier or the shipper may demand confirmation of the contract of carriage of goods by sea in writing. However, voyage charter shall be done in writing. Telegrams, telexes and telefaxes have the effect of written documents.
第四十三條 承運(yùn)人或者托運(yùn)人可以要求書(shū)面確認(rèn)海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同的成立。但是，航次租船合同應(yīng)當(dāng)書(shū)面訂立。電報(bào)、電傳和傳真具有書(shū)面效力。
Article 44 Any stipulation in a contract of carriage of goods by sea or a bill of lading or other similar documents evidencing such contract that derogates from the provisions of this Chapter shall be null and void. However, such nullity and voidness shall not affect the validity of other provisions of the contract or the bill of lading or other similar documents. A clause assigning the benefit of insurance of the goods in favour of the carrier or any similar clause shall be null and void.
第四十四條 海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同和作為合同憑證的提單或者其他運(yùn)輸單證中的條款，違反本章規(guī)定的，無(wú)效。此類(lèi)條款的無(wú)效，不影響該合同和提單或者其他運(yùn)輸單證中其他條款的效力。將貨物的保險(xiǎn)利益轉(zhuǎn)讓給承運(yùn)人的條款或者類(lèi)似條款，無(wú)效。
Article 45 The provisions of Article 44 of this Law shall not prejudice the increase of duties and obligations by the carrier besides those set out in this Chapter.
第四十五條 本法第四十四條的規(guī)定不影響承運(yùn)人在本章規(guī)定的承運(yùn)人責(zé)任和義務(wù)之外，增加其責(zé)任和義務(wù)。
Section 2 Carrier's Responsibilities
第二節(jié) 承運(yùn)人的責(zé)任
Article 46 The responsibilities of the carrier with regard to the goods carried in containers covers the entire period during which the carrier is in charge of the goods, starting from the time the carrier has taken over the goods at the port of loading, until the goods have been delivered at the port of discharge. The responsibility of the carrier with respect to non-containerized goods covers the period during which the carrier is in charge of the goods, starting from the time of loading of the goods onto the ship until the time the goods are discharged therefrom. During the period the carrier is in charge of the goods, the carrier shall be liable for the loss of or damage to the goods, except as otherwise provided for in this Section.
第四十六條 承運(yùn)人對(duì)集裝箱裝運(yùn)的貨物的責(zé)任期間，是指從裝貨港接收貨物時(shí)起至卸貨港交付貨物時(shí)止，貨物處于承運(yùn)人掌管之下的全部期間。承運(yùn)人對(duì)非集裝箱裝運(yùn)的貨物的責(zé)任期間，是指從貨物裝上船時(shí)起至卸下船時(shí)止，貨物處于承運(yùn)人掌管之下的全部期間。在承運(yùn)人的責(zé)任期間，貨物發(fā)生滅失或者損壞，除本節(jié)另有規(guī)定外，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not prevent the carrier from entering into any agreement concerning carrier's responsibilities with regard to non-containerized goods prior to loading onto and after discharging from the ship.
前款規(guī)定，不影響承運(yùn)人就非集裝箱裝運(yùn)的貨物，在裝船前和卸船后所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任，達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。
Article 47 The carrier shall, before and at the beginning of the voyage, exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy, properly man, equip and supply the ship and to make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation.
第四十七條 承運(yùn)人在船舶開(kāi)航前和開(kāi)航當(dāng)時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)謹(jǐn)慎處理，使船舶處于適航狀態(tài)，妥善配備船員、裝備船舶和配備供應(yīng)品，并使貨艙、冷藏艙、冷氣艙和其他載貨處所適于并能安全收受、載運(yùn)和保管貨物。
Article 48 The carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for and discharge the goods carried.
第四十八條 承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)妥善地、謹(jǐn)慎地裝載、搬移、積載、運(yùn)輸、保管、照料和卸載所運(yùn)貨物。
Article 49 The carrier shall carry the goods to the port of discharge on the agreed or customary or geographically direct route.
第四十九條 承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照約定的或者習(xí)慣的或者地理上的航線將貨物運(yùn)往卸貨港。
Any deviation in saving or attempting to save life or property at sea or any reasonable deviation shall not be deemed to be an act deviating from the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
船舶在海上為救助或者企圖救助人命或者財(cái)產(chǎn)而發(fā)生的繞航或者其他合理繞航，不屬于違反前款規(guī)定的行為。
Article 50 Delay in delivery occurs when the goods have not been delivered at the designated port of discharge within the time expressly agreed upon.
第五十條 貨物未能在明確約定的時(shí)間內(nèi)，在約定的卸貨港交付的，為遲延交付。
The carrier shall be liable for the loss of or damage to the goods caused by delay in delivery due to the fault of the carrier, except those arising or resulting from causes for which the carrier is not liable as provided for in the relevant Articles of this Chapter.
除依照本章規(guī)定承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任的情形外，由于承運(yùn)人的過(guò)失，致使貨物因遲延交付而滅失或者損壞的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The carrier shall be liable for the economic losses caused by delay in delivery of the goods due to the fault of the carrier, even if no loss of or damage to the goods had actually occurred, unless such economic losses had occurred from causes for which the carrier is not liable as provided for in the relevant Articles of this Chapter.
除依照本章規(guī)定承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任的情形外，由于承運(yùn)人的過(guò)失，致使貨物因遲延交付而遭受經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的，即使貨物沒(méi)有滅失或者損壞，承運(yùn)人仍然應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The person entitled to make a claim for the loss of goods may treat the goods as lost when the carrier has not delivered the goods within 60 days from the expiry of the time for delivery specified in paragraph 1 of this Article.
承運(yùn)人未能在本條第一款規(guī)定的時(shí)間屆滿六十日內(nèi)交付貨物，有權(quán)對(duì)貨物滅失提出賠償請(qǐng)求的人可以認(rèn)為貨物已經(jīng)滅失。
Article 51 The carrier shall not be liable for the loss of or damage to the goods occurred during the period of carrier's responsibility arising or resulting from any of the following causes:
第五十一條 在責(zé)任期間貨物發(fā)生的滅失或者損壞是由于下列原因之一造成的，承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任：
(1) Fault of the Master, crew members, pilot or servant of the carrier in the navigation or management of the ship;
（一）船長(zhǎng)、船員、引航員或者承運(yùn)人的其他受雇人在駕駛船舶或者管理船舶中的過(guò)失；
(2) Fire, unless caused by the actual fault of the carrier;
（二）火災(zāi)，但是由于承運(yùn)人本人的過(guò)失所造成的除外；
(3) Force majeure and perils, dangers and accidents of the sea or other navigable waters;
（三）天災(zāi)，海上或者其他可航水域的危險(xiǎn)或者意外事故；
(4) War or armed conflict;
（四）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或者武裝沖突；
(5) Act of the government or competent authorities, quarantine restrictions or seizure under legal process;
（五）政府或者主管部門(mén)的行為、檢疫限制或者司法扣押；
(6) Strikes, stoppages or restraint of labour;
（六）罷工、停工或者勞動(dòng)受到限制；
(7) Saving or attempting to save life or property at sea;
（七）在海上救助或者企圖救助人命或者財(cái)產(chǎn)；
(8) Act of the shipper, owner of the goods or their agents;
（八）托運(yùn)人、貨物所有人或者他們的代理人的行為；
(9) Nature or inherent vice of the goods;
（九）貨物的自然特性或者固有缺陷；
(10) Inadequacy of packing or insufficiency or illegibility of marks;
（十）貨物包裝不良或者標(biāo)志欠缺、不清；
(11) Latent defect of the ship not discoverable by due diligence; and
（十一）經(jīng)謹(jǐn)慎處理仍未發(fā)現(xiàn)的船舶潛在缺陷；
(12) Any other cause arising without the fault of the carrier or his servant or agent.
（十二）非由于承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的過(guò)失造成的其他原因。
The carrier who is entitled to exoneration from the liability for compensation as provided for in the preceding paragraph shall, with the exception of the causes given in sub-paragraph (2), bear the burden of proof.
承運(yùn)人依照前款規(guī)定免除賠償責(zé)任的，除第（二）項(xiàng)規(guī)定的原因外，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)舉證責(zé)任。
Article 52 The carrier shall not be liable for the loss of or damage to the live animals arising or resulting from the special risks inherent in the carriage thereof. However, the carrier shall be bound to prove that he has fulfilled the special requirements of the shipper with regard to the carriage of the live animals and that under the circumstances of the sea carriage, the loss or damage has occurred due to the special risks inherent therein.
第五十二條 因運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)物的固有的特殊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)造成活動(dòng)物滅失或者損害的，承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。但是，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)證明業(yè)已履行托運(yùn)人關(guān)于運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)物的特別要求，并證明根據(jù)實(shí)際情況，滅失或者損害是由于此種固有的特殊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)造成的。
Article 53 In case the carrier intends to ship the goods on deck, he shall come into an agreement with the shipper or comply with the custom of the trade or the relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.
第五十三條 承運(yùn)人在艙面上裝載貨物，應(yīng)當(dāng)同托運(yùn)人達(dá)成協(xié)議，或者符合航運(yùn)慣例，或者符合有關(guān)法律、行政法規(guī)的規(guī)定。
When the goods have been shipped on deck in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the carrier shall not be liable for the loss of or damage to the goods caused by the special risks involved in such carriage.
承運(yùn)人依照前款規(guī)定將貨物裝載在艙面上，對(duì)由于此種裝載的特殊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)造成的貨物滅失或者損壞，不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
If the carrier, in breach of the provisions of the first paragraph of this Article, has shipped the goods on deck and the goods have consequently suffered loss or damage, the carrier shall be liable therefore.
承運(yùn)人違反本條第一款規(guī)定將貨物裝載在艙面上，致使貨物遭受滅失或者損壞的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 54 Where loss or damage or delay in delivery has occurred from causes from which the carrier or his servant or agent is not entitled to exoneration from liability, together with another cause, the carrier shall be liable only to the extent that the loss, damage or delay in delivery is attributable to the causes from which the carrier is not entitled to exoneration from liability; however, the carrier shall bear the burden of proof with respect to the loss, damage or delay in delivery resulting from the other cause.
第五十四條 貨物的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付是由于承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的不能免除賠償責(zé)任的原因和其他原因共同造成的，承運(yùn)人僅在其不能免除賠償責(zé)任的范圍內(nèi)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；但是，承運(yùn)人對(duì)其他原因造成的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)舉證責(zé)任。
Article 55 The amount of indemnity for the loss of the goods shall be calculated on the basis of the actual value of the goods so lost, while that for the damage to the goods shall be calculated on the basis of the difference between the values of the goods before and after the damage, or on the basis of the expenses for the repair.
第五十五條 貨物滅失的賠償額，按照貨物的實(shí)際價(jià)值計(jì)算；貨物損壞的賠償額，按照貨物受損前后實(shí)際價(jià)值的差額或者貨物的修復(fù)費(fèi)用計(jì)算。
The actual value shall be the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight.
貨物的實(shí)際價(jià)值，按照貨物裝船時(shí)的價(jià)值加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)計(jì)算。
From the actual value referred to in the preceding paragraph, deduction shall be made, at the time of compensation, of the expenses that had been reduced or avoided as a result of the loss or damage occurred.
前款規(guī)定的貨物實(shí)際價(jià)值，賠償時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)減去因貨物滅失或者損壞而少付或者免付的有關(guān)費(fèi)用。
Article 56 The carrier's liability for the loss of or damage to the goods shall be limited to an amount equivalent to 666.67 Units of Account per package or other shipping unit, or 2 Units of Account per kilogramme of the gross weight of the goods lost or damaged, whichever is the higher, except where the nature and value of the goods had been declared by the shipper before shipment and inserted in the bill of lading, or where a higher amount than the amount of limitation of liability set out in this Article had been agreed upon between the carrier and the shipper.
第五十六條 承運(yùn)人對(duì)貨物的滅失或者損壞的賠償限額，按照貨物件數(shù)或者其他貨運(yùn)單位數(shù)計(jì)算，每件或者每個(gè)其他貨運(yùn)單位為６６６．６７計(jì)算單位，或者按照貨物毛重計(jì)算，每公斤為２計(jì)算單位，以二者中賠償限額較高的為準(zhǔn)。但是，托運(yùn)人在貨物裝運(yùn)前已經(jīng)申報(bào)其性質(zhì)和價(jià)值，并在提單中載明的，或者承運(yùn)人與托運(yùn)人已經(jīng)另行約定高于本條規(guī)定的賠償限額的除外。
Where a container, pallet or similar article of transport is used to consolidate goods, the number of packages or other shipping units enumerated in the bill of lading as packed in such article of transport shall be deemed to be the number of packages or shipping units. If not so enumerated, the goods in such article of transport shall be deemed to be one package or one shipping unit.
貨物用集裝箱、貨盤(pán)或者類(lèi)似裝運(yùn)器具集裝的，提單中載明裝在此類(lèi)裝運(yùn)器具中的貨物件數(shù)或者其他貨運(yùn)單位數(shù)，視為前款所指的貨物件數(shù)或者其他貨運(yùn)單位數(shù)；未載明的，每一裝運(yùn)器具視為一件或者一個(gè)單位。
Where the article of transport is not owned or furnished by the carrier, such article of transport shall be deemed to be one package or one shipping unit.
裝運(yùn)器具不屬于承運(yùn)人所有或者非由承運(yùn)人提供的，裝運(yùn)器具本身應(yīng)當(dāng)視為一件或者一個(gè)單位。
Article 57 The liability of the carrier for the economic losses resulting from delay in delivery of the goods shall be limited to an amount equivalent to the freight payable for the goods so delayed. Where the loss of or damage to the goods has occurred concurrently with the delay in delivery thereof, the limitation of liability of the carrier shall be that as provided for in paragraph 1 of Article 56 of this Law.
第五十七條 承運(yùn)人對(duì)貨物因遲延交付造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的賠償限額，為所遲延交付的貨物的運(yùn)費(fèi)數(shù)額。貨物的滅失或者損壞和遲延交付同時(shí)發(fā)生的，承運(yùn)人的賠償責(zé)任限額適用本法第五十六條第一款規(guī)定的限額。
Article 58 The defence and limitation of liability provided for in this Chapter shall apply to any legal action brought against the carrier with regard to the loss of or damage to or delay in delivery of the goods covered by the contract of carriage of goods by sea, whether the claimant is a party to the contract or whether the action is founded in contract or in tort.
第五十八條 就海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同所涉及的貨物滅失、損壞或者遲延交付對(duì)承運(yùn)人提起的任何訴訟，不論海事請(qǐng)求人是否合同的一方，也不論是根據(jù)合同或者是根據(jù)侵權(quán)行為提起的，均適用本章關(guān)于承運(yùn)人的抗辯理由和限制賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply if the action referred to in the preceding paragraph is brought against the carrier's servant or agent, and the carrier's servant or agent proves that his action was within the scope of his employment or agency.
前款訴訟是對(duì)承運(yùn)人的受雇人或者代理人提起的，經(jīng)承運(yùn)人的受雇人或者代理人證明，其行為是在受雇或者受委托的范圍之內(nèi)的，適用前款規(guī)定。
Article 59 The carrier shall not be entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability provided for in Article 56 or 57 of this Law if it is proved that the loss, damage or delay in delivery of the goods resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss, damage or delay or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss, damage or delay would probably result.
第五十九條 經(jīng)證明，貨物的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付是由于承運(yùn)人的故意或者明知可能造成損失而輕率地作為或者不作為造成的，承運(yùn)人不得援用本法第五十六條或者第五十七條限制賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定。
The servant or agent of the carrier shall not be entitled to the benefit of limitation of liability provided for in article 56 or 57 of this Law, if it is proved that the loss, damage or delay in delivery resulted from an act or omission of the servant or agent of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss, damage or delay or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss, damage or delay would probably result.
經(jīng)證明，貨物的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付是由于承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的故意或者明知可能造成損失而輕率地作為或者不作為造成的，承運(yùn)人的受雇人或者代理人不得援用本法第五十六條或者第五十七條限制賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定。
Article 60 Where the performance of the carriage or part thereof has been entrusted to an actual carrier, the carrier shall nevertheless remain responsible for the entire carriage according to the provisions of this Chapter. The carrier shall be responsible, in relation to the carriage performed by the actual carrier, for the act or omission of the actual carrier and of his servant or agent acting within the scope of his employment or agency.
第六十條 承運(yùn)人將貨物運(yùn)輸或者部分運(yùn)輸委托給實(shí)際承運(yùn)人履行的，承運(yùn)人仍然應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本章規(guī)定對(duì)全部運(yùn)輸負(fù)責(zé)。對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人承擔(dān)的運(yùn)輸，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的行為或者實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人在受雇或者受委托的范圍內(nèi)的行為負(fù)責(zé)。
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, where a contract of carriage by sea provides explicitly that a specified part of the carriage covered by the said contract is to be performed by a named actual carrier other than the carrier, the contract may nevertheless provide that the carrier shall not be liable for the loss, damage or delay in delivery arising from an occurrence which takes place while the goods are in the charge of the actual carrier during such part of the carriage.
雖有前款規(guī)定，在海上運(yùn)輸合同中明確約定合同所包括的特定的部分運(yùn)輸由承運(yùn)人以外的指定的實(shí)際承運(yùn)人履行的，合同可以同時(shí)約定，貨物在指定的實(shí)際承運(yùn)人掌管期間發(fā)生的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付，承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 61 The provisions with respect to the responsibility of the carrier contained in this Chapter shall be applicable to the actual carrier. Where an action is brought against the servant or agent of the actual carrier, the provisions contained in paragraph 2 of Article 58 and paragraph 2 of Article 59 of this Law shall apply.
第六十一條 本章對(duì)承運(yùn)人責(zé)任的規(guī)定，適用于實(shí)際承運(yùn)人。對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人提起訴訟的，適用本法第五十八條第二款和第五十九條第二款的規(guī)定。
Article 62 Any special agreement under which the carrier assumes obligations not provided for in this Chapter or waives rights conferred by this Chapter shall be binding upon the actual carrier when the actual carrier has agreed in writing to the contents thereof. The provisions of such special agreement shall be binding upon the carrier whether the actual carrier has agreed to the contents or not.
第六十二條 承運(yùn)人承擔(dān)本章未規(guī)定的義務(wù)或者放棄本章賦予的權(quán)利的任何特別協(xié)議，經(jīng)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人書(shū)面明確同意的，對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人發(fā)生效力；實(shí)際承運(yùn)人是否同意，不影響此項(xiàng)特別協(xié)議對(duì)承運(yùn)人的效力。
Article 63 Where both the carrier and the actual carrier are liable for compensation, they shall jointly and severally be liable within the scope of such liability.
第六十三條 承運(yùn)人與實(shí)際承運(yùn)人都負(fù)有賠償責(zé)任的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在此項(xiàng)責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)負(fù)連帶責(zé)任。
Article 64 If claims for compensation have been separately made against the carrier, the actual carrier and their servants or agents with regard to the loss of or damage to the goods, the aggregate amount of compensation shall not be in excess of the limitation provided for in Article 56 of this Law.
第六十四條 就貨物的滅失或者損壞分別向承運(yùn)人、實(shí)際承運(yùn)人以及他們的受雇人、代理人提出賠償請(qǐng)求的，賠償總額不超過(guò)本法第五十六條規(guī)定的限額。
Article 65 The provisions of Article 60 through 64 of this Law shall not affect the recourse between the carrier and the actual carrier.
第六十五條 本法第六十條至第六十四條的規(guī)定，不影響承運(yùn)人和實(shí)際承運(yùn)人之間相互追償。
Section 3 Shipper's Responsibilities
第三節(jié) 托運(yùn)人的責(zé)任
Article 66 The shipper shall have the goods properly packed and shall guarantee the accuracy of the description, mark, number of packages or pieces, weight or quantity of the goods at the time of shipment and shall indemnify the carrier against any loss resulting from inadequacy of packing or inaccuracies in the above-mentioned information.
第六十六條 托運(yùn)人托運(yùn)貨物，應(yīng)當(dāng)妥善包裝，并向承運(yùn)人保證，貨物裝船時(shí)所提供的貨物的品名、標(biāo)志、包數(shù)或者件數(shù)、重量或者體積的正確性；由于包裝不良或者上述資料不正確，對(duì)承運(yùn)人造成損失的，托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The carrier's right to indemnification as provided for in the preceding paragraph shall not affect the obligation of the carrier under the contract of carriage of goods towards those other than the shipper.
承運(yùn)人依照前款規(guī)定享有的受償權(quán)利，不影響其根據(jù)貨物運(yùn)輸合同對(duì)托運(yùn)人以外的人所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。
Article 67 The shipper shall perform all necessary procedures at the port, customs, quarantine, inspection or other competent authorities with respect to the shipment of the goods and shall furnish to the carrier all relevant documents concerning the procedures the shipper has gone through. The shipper shall be liable for any damage to the interest of the carrier resulting from the inadequacy or inaccuracy or delay in delivery of such documents.
第六十七條 托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)向港口、海關(guān)、檢疫、檢驗(yàn)和其他主管機(jī)關(guān)辦理貨物運(yùn)輸所需要的各項(xiàng)手續(xù)，并將已辦理各項(xiàng)手續(xù)的單證送交承運(yùn)人；因辦理各項(xiàng)手續(xù)的有關(guān)單證送交不及時(shí)、不完備或者不正確，使承運(yùn)人的利益受到損害的，托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 68 At the time of shipment of dangerous goods, the shipper shall, in compliance with the regulations governing the carriage of such goods, have them properly packed, distinctly marked and labelled and notify the carrier in writing of their proper description, nature and the precautions to be taken. In case the shipper fails to notify the carrier or notified him inaccurately, the carrier may have such goods landed ,destroyed or rendered innocuous when and where circumstances so require, without compensation. The shipper shall be liable to the carrier for any loss, damage or expense resulting from such shipment.
第六十八條 托運(yùn)人托運(yùn)危險(xiǎn)貨物，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照有關(guān)海上危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)囊?guī)定，妥善包裝，作出危險(xiǎn)品標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽，并將其正式名稱(chēng)和性質(zhì)以及應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的預(yù)防危害措施書(shū)面通知承運(yùn)人；托運(yùn)人未通知或者通知有誤的，承運(yùn)人可以在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn)根據(jù)情況需要將貨物卸下、銷(xiāo)毀或者使之不能為害，而不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。托運(yùn)人對(duì)承運(yùn)人因運(yùn)輸此類(lèi)貨物所受到的損害，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Notwithstanding the carrier's knowledge of the nature of the dangerous goods and his consent to carry, he may still have such goods landed, destroyed or rendered innocuous, without compensation, when they become an actual danger to the ship, the crew and other persons on board or to other goods. However, the provisions of this paragraph shall not prejudice the contribution in general average, if any.
承運(yùn)人知道危險(xiǎn)貨物的性質(zhì)并已同意裝運(yùn)的，仍然可以在該項(xiàng)貨物對(duì)于船舶、人員或者其他貨物構(gòu)成實(shí)際危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，將貨物卸下、銷(xiāo)毀或者使之不能為害，而不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。但是，本款規(guī)定不影響共同海損的分?jǐn)偂?/span>
Article 69 The shipper shall pay the freight to the carrier as agreed.
第六十九條 托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照約定向承運(yùn)人支付運(yùn)費(fèi)。
The shipper and the carrier may reach an agreement that the freight shall be paid by the consignee. However, such an agreement shall be noted in the transport documents.
托運(yùn)人與承運(yùn)人可以約定運(yùn)費(fèi)由收貨人支付；但是，此項(xiàng)約定應(yīng)當(dāng)在運(yùn)輸單證中載明。
Article 70 The shipper shall not be liable for the loss sustained by the carrier or the actual carrier, or for the damage sustained by the ship, unless such loss or damage was caused by the fault of the shipper, his servant or agent.
第七十條 托運(yùn)人對(duì)承運(yùn)人、實(shí)際承運(yùn)人所遭受的損失或者船舶所遭受的損壞，不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；但是，此種損失或者損壞是由于托運(yùn)人或者托運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的過(guò)失造成的除外。
The servant or agent of the shipper shall not be liable for the loss sustained by the carrier or the actual carrier, or for the damage sustained by the ship, unless the loss or damage was caused by the fault of the servant or agent of the shipper.
托運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人對(duì)承運(yùn)人、實(shí)際承運(yùn)人所遭受的損失或者船舶所遭受的損壞，不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；但是，這種損失或者損壞是由于托運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的過(guò)失造成的除外。
Section 4 Transport Documents
第四節(jié) 運(yùn)輸單證
Article 71 A bill of lading is a document which serves as an evidence of the contract of carriage of goods by sea and the taking over or loading of the goods by the carrier, and based on which the carrier undertakes to deliver the goods against surrendering the same. A provision in the document stating that the goods are to be delivered to the order of a named person, or to order, or to bearer, constitutes such an undertaking.
第七十一條 提單，是指用以證明海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同和貨物已經(jīng)由承運(yùn)人接收或者裝船，以及承運(yùn)人保證據(jù)以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物，或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物，或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款，構(gòu)成承運(yùn)人據(jù)以交付貨物的保證。
Article 72 When the goods have been taken over by the carrier or have been loaded on board, the carrier shall, on demand of the shipper, issue to the shipper a bill of lading.
第七十二條 貨物由承運(yùn)人接收或者裝船后，應(yīng)托運(yùn)人的要求，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)簽發(fā)提單。
The bill of lading may be signed by a person authorized by the carrier. A bill of lading signed by the Master of the ship carrying the goods is deemed to have been signed on behalf of the carrier.
提單可以由承運(yùn)人授權(quán)的人簽發(fā)。提單由載貨船舶的船長(zhǎng)簽發(fā)的，視為代表承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)。
Article 73 A bill of lading shall contain the following particulars:
第七十三條 提單內(nèi)容，包括下列各項(xiàng)：
(1) Description of the goods, mark, number of packages or pieces, weight or quantity, and a statement, if applicable, as to the dangerous nature of the goods;
（一）貨物的品名、標(biāo)志、包數(shù)或者件數(shù)、重量或者體積，以及運(yùn)輸危險(xiǎn)貨物時(shí)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)性質(zhì)的說(shuō)明；
(2) Name and principal place of business of the carrier;
（二）承運(yùn)人的名稱(chēng)和主營(yíng)業(yè)所；
(3) Name of the ship;
（三）船舶名稱(chēng)；
(4) Name of the shipper;
（四）托運(yùn)人的名稱(chēng)；
(5) Name of the consignee;
（五）收貨人的名稱(chēng)；
(6) Port of loading and the date on which the goods were taken over by the carrier at the port of loading;
（六）裝貨港和在裝貨港接收貨物的日期；
(7) Port of discharge;
（七）卸貨港；
(8) Place where the goods were taken over and the place where the goods are to be delivered in case of a multimodal transport bill of lading;
（八）多式聯(lián)運(yùn)提單增列接收貨物地點(diǎn)和交付貨物地點(diǎn)；
(9) Date and place of issue of the bill of lading and the number of originals issued;
（九）提單的簽發(fā)日期、地點(diǎn)和份數(shù)；
(10) Payment of freight;
（十）運(yùn)費(fèi)的支付；
(11) Signature of the carrier or of a person acting on his behalf.
（十一）承運(yùn)人或者其代表的簽字。
In a bill of lading, the lack of one or more particulars referred to in the preceding paragraph does not affect the function of the bill of lading as such, provided that it nevertheless meets the requirements set forth in Article 71 of this Law.
提單缺少前款規(guī)定的一項(xiàng)或者幾項(xiàng)的，不影響提單的性質(zhì)；但是，提單應(yīng)當(dāng)符合本法第七十一條的規(guī)定。
Article 74 If the carrier has issued, on demand of the shipper, a received-for-shipment bill of lading or other similar documents before the goods are loaded on board, the shipper may surrender the same to the carrier as against a shipped bill of lading when the goods have been loaded on board. The carrier may also note on the received-for-shipment bill of lading or other similar documents with the name of the carrying ship and the date of loading, and, when so noted, the received-for-shipment bill of lading or other similar documents shall be deemed to constitute a shipped bill of lading.
第七十四條 貨物裝船前，承運(yùn)人已經(jīng)應(yīng)托運(yùn)人的要求簽發(fā)收貨待運(yùn)提單或者其他單證的，貨物裝船完畢，托運(yùn)人可以將收貨待運(yùn)提單或者其他單證退還承運(yùn)人，以換取已裝船提單；承運(yùn)人也可以在收貨待運(yùn)提單上加注承運(yùn)船舶的船名和裝船日期，加注后的收貨待運(yùn)提單視為已裝船提單。
Article 75 If the bill of lading contains particulars concerning the description, mark, number of packages or pieces, weight or quantity of the goods with respect to which the carrier or the other person issuing the bill of lading on his behalf has the knowledge or reasonable grounds to suspect that such particulars do not accurately represent the goods actually received, or, where a shipped bill of lading is issued, loaded, or if he has had no reasonable means of checking, the carrier or such other person may make a note in the bill of lading specifying those inaccuracies, the grounds for suspicion or the lack of reasonable means of checking.
第七十五條 承運(yùn)人或者代其簽發(fā)提單的人，知道或者有合理的根據(jù)懷疑提單記載的貨物的品名、標(biāo)志、包數(shù)或者件數(shù)、重量或者體積與實(shí)際接收的貨物不符，在簽發(fā)已裝船提單的情況下懷疑與已裝船的貨物不符，或者沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ê藢?duì)提單記載的，可以在提單上批注，說(shuō)明不符之處、懷疑的根據(jù)或者說(shuō)明無(wú)法核對(duì)。
Article 76 If the carrier or the other person issuing the bill of lading on his behalf made no note in the bill of lading regarding the apparent order and condition of the goods, the goods shall be deemed to be in apparent good order and condition.
第七十六條 承運(yùn)人或者代其簽發(fā)提單的人未在提單上批注貨物表面狀況的，視為貨物的表面狀況良好。
Article 77 Except for the note made in accordance with the provisions of Article 75 of this Law, the bill of lading issued by the carrier or the other person acting on his behalf is prima facie evidence of the taking over or loading by the carrier of the goods as described therein. Proof to the contrary by the carrier shall not be admissible if the bill of lading has been transferred to a third party, including a consignee, who has acted in good faith in reliance on the description of the goods contained therein.
第七十七條 除依照本法第七十五條的規(guī)定作出保留外，承運(yùn)人或者代其簽發(fā)提單的人簽發(fā)的提單，是承運(yùn)人已經(jīng)按照提單所載狀況收到貨物或者貨物已經(jīng)裝船的初步證據(jù)；承運(yùn)人向善意受讓提單的包括收貨人在內(nèi)的第三人提出的與提單所載狀況不同的證據(jù)，不予承認(rèn)。
Article 78 The relationship between the carrier and the holder of the bill of lading with respect to their rights and obligations shall be defined by the clauses of the bill of lading.
第七十八條 承運(yùn)人同收貨人、提單持有人之間的權(quán)利、義務(wù)關(guān)系，依據(jù)提單的規(guī)定確定。
Neither the consignee nor the holder of the bill of lading shall be liable for the demurrage, dead freight and all other expenses in respect of loading occurred at the loading port unless the bill of lading clearly states that the aforesaid demurrage, dead freight and all other expenses shall be borne by the consignee and the holder of the bill of lading.
收貨人、提單持有人不承擔(dān)在裝貨港發(fā)生的滯期費(fèi)、虧艙費(fèi)和其他與裝貨有關(guān)的費(fèi)用，但是提單中明確載明上述費(fèi)用由收貨人、提單持有人承擔(dān)的除外。
Article 79 The negotiability of a bill of lading shall be governed by the following provisions:
第七十九條 提單的轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)勒障铝幸?guī)定執(zhí)行：
(1) A straight bill of lading is not negotiable;
（一）記名提單：不得轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)?/span>
(2) An order bill of lading may be negotiated with endorsement to order or endorsement in blank;
（二）指示提單：經(jīng)過(guò)記名背書(shū)或者空白背書(shū)轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)?/span>
(3) A bearer bill of lading is negotiable without endorsement.
（三）不記名提單：無(wú)需背書(shū)，即可轉(zhuǎn)讓。
Article 80 Where a carrier has issued a document other than a bill of lading as an evidence of the receipt of the goods to be carried, such a document is prima facie evidence of the conclusion of the contract of carriage of goods by sea and the taking over by the carrier of the goods as described therein
第八十條 承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)提單以外的單證用以證明收到待運(yùn)貨物的，此項(xiàng)單證即為訂立海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同和承運(yùn)人接收該單證中所列貨物的初步證據(jù)。
Such documents that are issued by the carrier shall not be negotiable.
承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)的此類(lèi)單證不得轉(zhuǎn)讓。
Section 5 Delivery of Goods
第五節(jié) 貨物交付
Article 81 Unless notice of loss or damage is given in writing by the consignee to the carrier at the time of delivery of the goods by the carrier to the consignee, such delivery shall be deemed to be prima facie evidence of the delivery of the goods by the carrier as described in the transport documents and of the apparent good order and condition of such goods.
第八十一條 承運(yùn)人向收貨人交付貨物時(shí)，收貨人未將貨物滅失或者損壞的情況書(shū)面通知承運(yùn)人的，此項(xiàng)交付視為承運(yùn)人已經(jīng)按照運(yùn)輸單證的記載交付以及貨物狀況良好的初步證據(jù)。
Where the loss of or damage to the goods is not apparent, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply if the consignee has not given the notice in writing within 7 consecutive days from the next day of the delivery of the goods, or, in the case of containerized goods, within 15 days from the next day of the delivery thereof.
貨物滅失或者損壞的情況非顯而易見(jiàn)的，在貨物交付的次日起連續(xù)七日內(nèi)，集裝箱貨物交付的次日起連續(xù)十五日內(nèi)，收貨人未提交書(shū)面通知的，適用前款規(guī)定。
The notice in writing regarding the loss or damage need not be given if the state of the goods has, at the time of delivery, been the subject of a joint survey or inspection by the carrier and the consignee.
貨物交付時(shí)，收貨人已經(jīng)會(huì)同承運(yùn)人對(duì)貨物進(jìn)行聯(lián)合檢查或者檢驗(yàn)的，無(wú)需就所查明的滅失或者損壞的情況提交書(shū)面通知。
Article 82 The carrier shall not be liable for compensation if no notice on the economic losses resulting from delay in delivery of the goods has been received from the consignee within 60 consecutive days from the next day on which the goods had been delivered by the carrier to the consignee.
第八十二條 承運(yùn)人自向收貨人交付貨物的次日起連續(xù)六十日內(nèi)，未收到收貨人就貨物因遲延交付造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失而提交的書(shū)面通知的，不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 83 The consignee may, before taking delivery of the goods at the port of destination, and the carrier may, before delivering the goods at the port of destination, request the cargo inspection agency to have the goods inspected. The party requesting such inspection shall bear the cost thereof but is entitled to recover the same from the party causing the damage.
第八十三條 收貨人在目的港提取貨物前或者承運(yùn)人在目的港交付貨物前，可以要求檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)貨物狀況進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)；要求檢驗(yàn)的一方應(yīng)當(dāng)支付檢驗(yàn)費(fèi)用，但是有權(quán)向造成貨物損失的責(zé)任方追償。
Article 84 The carrier and the consignee shall mutually provide reasonable facilities for the survey and inspection stipulated in Articles 81 and 83 of this Law.
第八十四條 承運(yùn)人和收貨人對(duì)本法第八十一條和第八十三條規(guī)定的檢驗(yàn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)相互提供合理的便利條件。
Article 85 Where the goods have been delivered by the actual carrier, the notice in writing given by the consignee to the actual carrier under Article 81 of this Law shall have the same effect as that given to the carrier, and that given to the carrier shall have the same effect as that given to the actual carrier.
第八十五條 貨物由實(shí)際承運(yùn)人交付的，收貨人依照本法第八十一條的規(guī)定向?qū)嶋H承運(yùn)人提交的書(shū)面通知，與向承運(yùn)人提交書(shū)面通知具有同等效力；向承運(yùn)人提交的書(shū)面通知，與向?qū)嶋H承運(yùn)人提交書(shū)面通知具有同等效力。
Article 86 If the goods were not taken delivery of at the port of discharge or if the consignee has delayed or refused the taking delivery of the goods, the Master may discharge the goods into warehouses or other appropriate places, and any expenses or risks arising therefrom shall be borne by the consignee.
第八十六條 在卸貨港無(wú)人提取貨物或者收貨人遲延、拒絕提取貨物的，船長(zhǎng)可以將貨物卸在倉(cāng)庫(kù)或者其他適當(dāng)場(chǎng)所，由此產(chǎn)生的費(fèi)用和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)由收貨人承擔(dān)。
Article 87 If the freight, contribution in general average, demurrage to be paid to the carrier and other necessary charges paid by the carrier on behalf of the owner of the goods as well as other charges to be paid to the carrier have not been paid in full, nor has appropriate security been given, the carrier may have a lien, to a reasonable extent, on the goods.
第八十七條 應(yīng)當(dāng)向承運(yùn)人支付的運(yùn)費(fèi)、共同海損分?jǐn)偂谫M(fèi)和承運(yùn)人為貨物墊付的必要費(fèi)用以及應(yīng)當(dāng)向承運(yùn)人支付的其他費(fèi)用沒(méi)有付清，又沒(méi)有提供適當(dāng)擔(dān)保的，承運(yùn)人可以在合理的限度內(nèi)留置其貨物。
Article 88 If the goods under lien in accordance with the provisions of Article 87 of this Law have not been taken delivery of within 60 days from the next day of the ship's arrival at the port of discharge, the carrier may apply to the court for an order on selling the goods by auction; where the goods are perishable or the expenses for keeping such goods would exceed their value, the carrier may apply for an earlier sale by auction.
第八十八條 承運(yùn)人根據(jù)本法第八十七條規(guī)定留置的貨物，自船舶抵達(dá)卸貨港的次日起滿六十日無(wú)人提取的，承運(yùn)人可以申請(qǐng)法院裁定拍賣(mài)；貨物易腐爛變質(zhì)或者貨物的保管費(fèi)用可能超過(guò)其價(jià)值的，可以申請(qǐng)?zhí)崆芭馁u(mài)。
The proceeds from the auction sale shall be used to pay off the expenses for the storage and auction sale of the goods, the freight and other related charges to be paid to the carrier. If the proceeds fall short of such expenses, the carrier is entitled to claim the difference from the shipper, whereas any amount in surplus shall be refunded to the shipper. If there is no way to make the refund and such surplus amount has not been claimed at the end of one full year after the auction sale, it shall go to the State Treasury.
拍賣(mài)所得價(jià)款，用于清償保管、拍賣(mài)貨物的費(fèi)用和運(yùn)費(fèi)以及應(yīng)當(dāng)向承運(yùn)人支付的其他有關(guān)費(fèi)用；不足的金額，承運(yùn)人有權(quán)向托運(yùn)人追償；剩余的金額，退還托運(yùn)人；無(wú)法退還、自拍賣(mài)之日起滿一年又無(wú)人領(lǐng)取的，上繳國(guó)庫(kù)。
Section 6 Cancellation of Contract
第六節(jié) 合同的解除
Article 89 The shipper may request the cancellation of the contract of carriage of goods by sea before the ship sails from the port of loading. However, except as otherwise provided for in the contract, the shipper shall in this case pay half of the agreed amount of freight; if the goods have already been loaded on board, the shipper shall bear the expenses for the loading and discharge and other related charges.
第八十九條 船舶在裝貨港開(kāi)航前，托運(yùn)人可以要求解除合同。但是，除合同另有約定外，托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)向承運(yùn)人支付約定運(yùn)費(fèi)的一半；貨物已經(jīng)裝船的，并應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)擔(dān)裝貨、卸貨和其他與此有關(guān)的費(fèi)用。
Article 90 Either the carrier or the shipper may request the cancellation of the contract and neither shall be liable to the other if, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of the carrier or the shipper, the contract could not be performed prior to the ship's sailing from its port of loading. If the freight has already been paid, it shall be refunded to the shipper, and, if the goods have already been loaded on board, the loading/discharge expenses shall be borne by the shipper. If a bill of lading has already been issued, it shall be returned by the shipper to the carrier.
第九十條 船舶在裝貨港開(kāi)航前，因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于承運(yùn)人和托運(yùn)人的原因致使合同不能履行的，雙方均可以解除合同，并互相不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。除合同另有約定外，運(yùn)費(fèi)已經(jīng)支付的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)將運(yùn)費(fèi)退還給托運(yùn)人；貨物已經(jīng)裝船的，托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)裝卸費(fèi)用；已經(jīng)簽發(fā)提單的，托運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)將提單退還承運(yùn)人。
Article 91 If, due to force majeure or any other causes not attributable to the fault of the carrier or the shipper, the ship could not discharge its goods at the port of destination as provided for in the contract of carriage, unless the contract provides otherwise, the Master shall be entitled to discharge the goods at a safe port or place near the port of destination and the contract of carriage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.
第九十一條 因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于承運(yùn)人和托運(yùn)人的原因致使船舶不能在合同約定的目的港卸貨的，除合同另有約定外，船長(zhǎng)有權(quán)將貨物在目的港鄰近的安全港口或者地點(diǎn)卸載，視為已經(jīng)履行合同。
In deciding the discharge of the goods, the Master shall inform the shipper or the consignee and shall take the interests of the shipper or the consignee into consideration.
船長(zhǎng)決定將貨物卸載的，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)通知托運(yùn)人或者收貨人，并考慮托運(yùn)人或者收貨人的利益。
Section 7 Special Provisions Regarding Voyage Charter Party
第七節(jié) 航次租船合同的特別規(guī)定
Article 92 A voyage charter party is a charter party under which the shipowner charters out and the charterer charters in the whole or part of the ship's space for the carriage by sea of the intended goods from one port to another and the charterer pays the agreed amount of freight.
第九十二條 航次租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供船舶或者船舶的部分艙位，裝運(yùn)約定的貨物，從一港運(yùn)至另一港，由承租人支付約定運(yùn)費(fèi)的合同。
Article 93 A voyage charter party shall mainly contain, inter alia, name of the shipowner, name of the charterer, name and nationality of the ship, its bale or grain capacity, description of the goods to be loaded, port of loading, port of destination, laydays, time for loading and discharge, payment of freight, demurrage, dispatch and other relevant matters.
第九十三條 航次租船合同的內(nèi)容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名稱(chēng)、船名、船籍、載貨重量、容積、貨名、裝貨港和目的港、受載期限、裝卸期限、運(yùn)費(fèi)、滯期費(fèi)、速遣費(fèi)以及其他有關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
Article 94 The provisions in Article 47 and Article 49 of this Law shall apply to the shipowner under voyage charter party.
第九十四條 本法第四十七條和第四十九條的規(guī)定，適用于航次租船合同的出租人。
The other provisions in this Chapter regarding the rights and obligations of the parties to the contract shall apply to the shipowner and the charterer under voyage charter only in the absence of relevant provisions or in the absence of provisions differing therefrom in the voyage charter.
本章其他有關(guān)合同當(dāng)事人之間的權(quán)利、義務(wù)的規(guī)定，僅在航次租船合同沒(méi)有約定或者沒(méi)有不同約定時(shí)，適用于航次租船合同的出租人和承租人。
Article 95 Where the holder of the bill of lading is not the charterer in the case of a bill of lading issued under a voyage charter, the rights and obligations of the carrier and the holder of the bill of lading shall be governed by the clauses of the bill of lading. However, if the clauses of the voyage charter party are incorporated into the bill of lading, the relevant clauses of the voyage charter party shall apply.
第九十五條 對(duì)按照航次租船合同運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳锖灠l(fā)的提單，提單持有人不是承租人的，承運(yùn)人與該提單持有人之間的權(quán)利、義務(wù)關(guān)系適用提單的約定。但是，提單中載明適用航次租船合同條款的，適用該航次租船合同的條款。
Article 96 The shipowner shall provide the intended ship. The intended ship may be substituted with the consent of the charterer. However, if the ship substituted does not meet the requirements of the charter party, the charterer may reject the ship or cancel the charter.
第九十六條 出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)提供約定的船舶；經(jīng)承租人同意，可以更換船舶。但是，提供的船舶或者更換的船舶不符合合同約定的，承租人有權(quán)拒絕或者解除合同。
Should any damage or loss occur to the charterer as a result of the shipowner's failure in providing the intended ship due to his fault, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.
因出租人過(guò)失未提供約定的船舶致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 97 If the shipowner has failed to provide the ship within the laydays fixed in the charter, the charterer is entitled to cancel the charter party. However, if the shipowner had notified the charterer of the delay of the ship and the expected date of its arrival at the port of loading, the charterer shall notify the shipowner whether to cancel the charter within 48 hours of the receipt of the shipowner's notification.
第九十七條 出租人在約定的受載期限內(nèi)未能提供船舶的，承租人有權(quán)解除合同。但是，出租人將船舶延誤情況和船舶預(yù)期抵達(dá)裝貨港的日期通知承租人的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)自收到通知時(shí)起四十八小時(shí)內(nèi)，將是否解除合同的決定通知出租人。
Where the charterer has suffered losses as a result of the delay in providing the ship due to the fault of the shipowner, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation .
因出租人過(guò)失延誤提供船舶致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 98 Under a voyage charter, the time for loading and discharge and the way of calculation thereof, as well as the rate of demurrage that would incur after the expiration of the laytime and the rate of dispatch money to be paid as a result of the completion of loading or discharge ahead of schedule, shall be fixed by the shipowner and the charterer upon mutual agreement.
第九十八條 航次租船合同的裝貨、卸貨期限及其計(jì)算辦法，超過(guò)裝貨、卸貨期限后的滯期費(fèi)和提前完成裝貨、卸貨的速遣費(fèi)，由雙方約定。
Article 99 The charterer may sublet the ship he chartered, but the rights and obligations under the head charter shall not be affected.
第九十九條 承租人可以將其租用的船舶轉(zhuǎn)租；轉(zhuǎn)租后，原合同約定的權(quán)利和義務(wù)不受影響。
Article 100 The charterer shall provide the intended goods, but he may replace the goods with the consent of the shipowner. However, if the goods replaced are detrimental to the interests of the shipowner, the shipowner shall be entitled to reject such goods and cancel the charter.
第一百條 承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)提供約定的貨物；經(jīng)出租人同意，可以更換貨物。但是，更換的貨物對(duì)出租人不利的，出租人有權(quán)拒絕或者解除合同。
Where the shipowner has suffered losses as a result of the failure of the charterer in providing the intended goods, the charterer shall be liable for compensation.
因未提供約定的貨物致使出租人遭受損失的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 101 The shipowner shall discharge the goods at the port of discharge specified in the charter party. Where the charter party contains a clause allowing the choice of the port of discharge by the charterer, the Master may choose one from among the agreed picked ports to discharge the goods, in case the charterer did not, as agreed in the charter, instruct in time as to the port chosen for discharging the goods. Where the charterer did not instruct in time as to the chosen port of discharge, as agreed in the charter, and the shipowner suffered losses thereby, the charterer shall be liable for compensation; where the charterer has suffered losses as a result of the shipowner's arbitrary choice of a port to discharge the goods, in disregard of the provisions in the relevant charter, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.
第一百零一條 出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)在合同約定的卸貨港卸貨。合同訂有承租人選擇卸貨港條款的，在承租人未按照合同約定及時(shí)通知確定的卸貨港時(shí)，船長(zhǎng)可以從約定的選卸港中自行選定一港卸貨。承租人未按照合同約定及時(shí)通知確定的卸貨港，致使出租人遭受損失的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。出租人未按照合同約定，擅自選定港口卸貨致使承租人遭受損失的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Section 8 Special Provisions Regarding Multimodal Transport Contract
第八節(jié) 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同的特別規(guī)定
Article 102 A multimodal transport contract as referred to in this Law means a contract under which the multimodal transport operator undertakes to transport the goods, against the payment of freight for the entire transport, from the place where the goods were received in his charge to the destination and to deliver them to the consignee by two or more different modes of transport, one of which being sea carriage.
第一百零二條 本法所稱(chēng)多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同，是指多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人以?xún)煞N以上的不同運(yùn)輸方式，其中一種是海上運(yùn)輸方式，負(fù)責(zé)將貨物從接收地運(yùn)至目的地交付收貨人，并收取全程運(yùn)費(fèi)的合同。
The multimodal transport operator as referred to in the preceding paragraph means the person who has entered into a multimodal transport contract with the shipper either by himself or by another person acting on his behalf.
前款所稱(chēng)多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人，是指本人或者委托他人以本人名義與托運(yùn)人訂立多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同的人。
Article 103 The responsibility of the multimodal transport operator with respect to the goods under multimodal transport contract covers the period from the time he takes the goods in his charge to the time of their delivery.
第一百零三條 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人對(duì)多式聯(lián)運(yùn)貨物的責(zé)任期間，自接收貨物時(shí)起至交付貨物時(shí)止。
Article 104 The multimodal transport operator shall be responsible for the performance of the multimodal transport contract or the procurement of the performance therefore, and shall be responsible for the entire transport.
第一百零四條 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人負(fù)責(zé)履行或者組織履行多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同，并對(duì)全程運(yùn)輸負(fù)責(zé)。
The multimodal transport operator may enter into separate contracts with the carriers of the different modes defining their responsibilities with regard to the different sections of the transport under the multimodal transport contracts. However, such separate contracts shall not affect the responsibility of the multimodal transport operator with respect to the entire transport.
多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人與參加多式聯(lián)運(yùn)的各區(qū)段承運(yùn)人，可以就多式聯(lián)運(yùn)合同的各區(qū)段運(yùn)輸，另以合同約定相互之間的責(zé)任。但是，此項(xiàng)合同不得影響多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人對(duì)全程運(yùn)輸所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。
Article 105 If loss of or damage to the goods has occurred in a certain section of the transport, the provisions of the relevant laws and regulations governing that specific section of the multimodal transport shall be applicable to matters concerning the liability of the multimodal transport operator and the limitation thereof.
第一百零五條 貨物的滅失或者損壞發(fā)生于多式聯(lián)運(yùn)的某一運(yùn)輸區(qū)段的，多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人的賠償責(zé)任和責(zé)任限額，適用調(diào)整該區(qū)段運(yùn)輸方式的有關(guān)法律規(guī)定。
Article 106 If the section of transport in which the loss of or damage to the goods occurred could not be ascertained, the multimodal transport operator shall be liable for compensation in accordance with the stipulations regarding the carrier's liability and the limitation thereof as set out in this Chapter.
第一百零六條 貨物的滅失或者損壞發(fā)生的運(yùn)輸區(qū)段不能確定的，多式聯(lián)運(yùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)人應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本章關(guān)于承運(yùn)人賠償責(zé)任和責(zé)任限額的規(guī)定負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Chapter V Contract of Carriage of Passengers by Sea
第五章 海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同
Article 107 A contract of carriage of passengers by sea is a contract whereby the carrier undertakes to carry passengers and their luggage by sea from one port to another by ships suitable for that purpose against payment of fare by the passengers.
第一百零七條 海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同，是指承運(yùn)人以適合運(yùn)送旅客的船舶經(jīng)海路將旅客及其行李從一港運(yùn)送至另一港，由旅客支付票款的合同。
Article 108 For the purposes of this Chapter:
第一百零八條 本章下列用語(yǔ)的含義：
(1) "Carrier" means the person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage of passengers by sea has been entered into with the passengers;
（一）“承運(yùn)人”，是指本人或者委托他人以本人名義與旅客訂立海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同的人。
(2) "Actual carrier" means the person by whom the whole or part of the carriage of passengers has been performed as entrusted by the carrier, including those engaged in such carriage under a sub-contract.
（二）“實(shí)際承運(yùn)人”，是指接受承運(yùn)人委托，從事旅客運(yùn)送或者部分運(yùn)送的人，包括接受轉(zhuǎn)委托從事此項(xiàng)運(yùn)送的其他人。
(3) "Passenger" means a person carried under a contract of carriage of passengers by sea. With the consent of the carrier, a person supervising the carriage of goods aboard a ship covered by a contract of carriage of goods is regarded as a passenger;
（三）“旅客”，是指根據(jù)海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同運(yùn)送的人；經(jīng)承運(yùn)人同意，根據(jù)海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同，隨船護(hù)送貨物的人，視為旅客。
(4) "Luggage" means any article or vehicle shipped by the carrier under the contract of carriage of passengers by sea, with the exception of live animals.
（四）“行李”，是指根據(jù)海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同由承運(yùn)人載運(yùn)的任何物品和車(chē)輛，但是活動(dòng)物除外。
(5) "Cabin luggage" means the luggage which the passenger has in his cabin or is otherwise in his possession, custody or control.
（五）“自帶行李”，是指旅客自行攜帶、保管或者放置在客艙中的行李。
Article 109 The provisions regarding the responsibilities of the carrier as contained in this Chapter shall be applicable to the actual carrier, and the provisions regarding the responsibilities of the servant or agent of the carrier as contained in this Chapter shall be applicable to the servant or agent of the actual carrier.
第一百零九條 本章關(guān)于承運(yùn)人責(zé)任的規(guī)定，適用于實(shí)際承運(yùn)人。本章關(guān)于承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人責(zé)任的規(guī)定，適用于實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人。
Article 110 The passage ticket serves as an evidence that a contract of carriage of passengers by sea has been entered into.
第一百一十條 旅客客票是海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同成立的憑證。
Article 111 The period of carriage for the carriage of passengers by sea commences from the time of embarkation of the passengers and terminates at the time of their disembarkation, including the period during which the passengers are transported by water from land to the ship or vice versa , if such cost of transport is included in the fare. However, the period of carriage does not include the time when the passengers are at a marine terminal or station or on a quay or in or on any other port installations.
第一百一十一條 海上旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)倪\(yùn)送期間，自旅客登船時(shí)起至旅客離船時(shí)止?？推逼眱r(jià)含接送費(fèi)用的，運(yùn)送期間并包括承運(yùn)人經(jīng)水路將旅客從岸上接到船上和從船上送到岸上的時(shí)間，但是不包括旅客在港站內(nèi)、碼頭上或者在港口其他設(shè)施內(nèi)的時(shí)間。
The period of carriage for the cabin luggage of the passengers shall be the same as that stipulated in the preceding paragraph. The period of carriage for luggage other than the cabin luggage commences from the time when the carrier or his servant or agent receives it into his charge and terminates at the time when the carrier or his servant or agent redelivers it to the passengers.
旅客的自帶行李，運(yùn)送期間同前款規(guī)定。旅客自帶行李以外的其他行李，運(yùn)送期間自旅客將行李交付承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人時(shí)起至承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人交還旅客時(shí)止。
Article 112 A passenger travelling without a ticket or taking a higher class berth than booked or going beyond the distance paid for shall pay for the fare or the excess fare as required by relevant regulations, and the carrier may, according to the relevant regulations, charge additional fare. Should any passenger refuse to pay, the Master is entitled to order him to disembark at a suitable place and the carrier has the right of recourse against him.
第一百一十二條 旅客無(wú)票乘船、越級(jí)乘船或者超程乘船，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照規(guī)定補(bǔ)足票款，承運(yùn)人可以按照規(guī)定加收票款；拒不交付的，船長(zhǎng)有權(quán)在適當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)令其離船，承運(yùn)人有權(quán)向其追償。
Article 113 No passenger may take on board or pack in their luggage contraband goods or any article of an inflammable, explosive, poisonous, corrosive or radioactive nature or other dangerous goods that would endanger the safety of life and property on board.
第一百一十三條 旅客不得隨身攜帶或者在行李中夾帶違禁品或者易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蝕性、有放射性以及有可能危及船上人身和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的其他危險(xiǎn)品。
The carrier may have the contraband or dangerous goods brought on board by the passenger or packed in his luggage in breach of the provisions of the preceding paragraph discharged, destroyed or rendered innocuous at any time and at any place or sent over to the appropriate authorities, without being liable for compensation.
承運(yùn)人可以在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn)將旅客違反前款規(guī)定隨身攜帶或者在行李中夾帶的違禁品、危險(xiǎn)品卸下、銷(xiāo)毀或者使之不能為害，或者送交有關(guān)部門(mén)，而不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The passenger shall be liable for compensation if any loss or damage occurs as a result of his breach of the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article.
旅客違反本條第一款規(guī)定，造成損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 114 During the period of carriage of the passengers and their luggage as provided for in Article 111 of this Law, the carrier shall be liable for the death of or personal injury to passengers or the loss of or damage to their luggage resulting from accidents caused by the fault of the carrier or his servant or agent committed within the scope of his employment or agency.
第一百一十四條 在本法第一百一十一條規(guī)定的旅客及其行李的運(yùn)送期間，因承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人在受雇或者受委托的范圍內(nèi)的過(guò)失引起事故，造成旅客人身傷亡或者行李滅失、損壞的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The claimant shall bear the burden of proof regarding the fault of the carrier or his servant or agent, with the exception, however, of the circumstances specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article.
請(qǐng)求人對(duì)承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的過(guò)失，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)舉證責(zé)任；但是，本條第三款和第四款規(guī)定的情形除外。
If the death of or personal injury to the passengers or loss of or damage to the passengers' cabin luggage occurred as a result of shipwreck, collision, stranding, explosion, ire or the defect of the ship, it shall be presumed that the carrier or his servant or agent has committed a fault, unless proof to the contrary has been given by the carrier or his servant or agent.
旅客的人身傷亡或者自帶行李的滅失、損壞，是由于船舶的沉沒(méi)、碰撞、擱淺、爆炸、火災(zāi)所引起或者是由于船舶的缺陷所引起的，承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人除非提出反證，應(yīng)當(dāng)視為其有過(guò)失。
As to any loss of or damage to the luggage other than the passenger's cabin luggage, unless the carrier or his servant or agent proves to the contrary, it shall be presumed that the carrier or his servant or agent has committed a fault, no matter how the loss or damage was caused.
旅客自帶行李以外的其他行李的滅失或者損壞，不論由于何種事故所引起，承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人除非提出反證，應(yīng)當(dāng)視為其有過(guò)失。
Article 115 If it is proved by the carrier that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to his luggage was caused by the fault of the passenger himself or the faults of the carrier and the passenger combined, the carrier's liability may be exonerated or appropriately mitigated.
第一百一十五條 經(jīng)承運(yùn)人證明，旅客的人身傷亡或者行李的滅失、損壞，是由于旅客本人的過(guò)失或者旅客和承運(yùn)人的共同過(guò)失造成的，可以免除或者相應(yīng)減輕承運(yùn)人的賠償責(zé)任。
If it is proved by the carrier that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage was intentionally caused by the passenger himself, or the death or personal injury was due to the health condition of his, the carrier shall not be liable therefore.
經(jīng)承運(yùn)人證明，旅客的人身傷亡或者行李的滅失、損壞，是由于旅客本人的故意造成的，或者旅客的人身傷亡是由于旅客本人健康狀況造成的，承運(yùn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 116 The carrier shall not be liable for any loss of or damage to the monies, gold, silver, jewellery, negotiable securities or other valuables of the passengers.
第一百一十六條 承運(yùn)人對(duì)旅客的貨幣、金銀、珠寶、有價(jià)證券或者其他貴重物品所發(fā)生的滅失、損壞，不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
If the passenger has entrusted the above-mentioned valuables to the safe-keeping of the carrier under an agreement for that purpose, the carrier shall be liable for compensation in accordance with the provisions of Article 117 of this Law. Where the limitation of liability agreed upon between the carrier and the passenger in writing is higher than that set out in Article 117 of this Law, the carrier shall make the compensation in accordance with that higher amount.
旅客與承運(yùn)人約定將前款規(guī)定的物品交由承運(yùn)人保管的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法第一百一十七條的規(guī)定負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；雙方以書(shū)面約定的賠償限額高于本法第一百一十七條的規(guī)定的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照約定的數(shù)額負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 117 Except the circumstances specified in paragraph 4 of this Article, the limitation of liability of the carrier under each carriage of passengers by sea shall be governed by the following:
第一百一十七條 除本條第四款規(guī)定的情形外，承運(yùn)人在每次海上旅客運(yùn)輸中的賠償責(zé)任限額，依照下列規(guī)定執(zhí)行：
(1) For death of or personal injury to the passenger: not exceeding 46,666 Units of Account per passenger;
（一）旅客人身傷亡的，每名旅客不超過(guò)46666計(jì)算單位；
(2) For loss of or damage to the passengers' cabin luggage: not exceeding 833 Units of Account per passenger;
（二）旅客自帶行李滅失或者損壞的，每名旅客不超過(guò)833計(jì)算單位；
(3) For loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles including the luggage carried therein: not exceeding 3,333 Units of Account per vehicle;
（三）旅客車(chē)輛包括該車(chē)輛所載行李滅失或者損壞的，每一車(chē)輛不超過(guò)3333計(jì)算單位；
(4) For loss of or damage to luggage other than those described in sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) above: not exceeding 1,200 Units of Account per passenger.
（四）本款第（二）、（三）項(xiàng)以外的旅客其他行李滅失或者損壞的，每名旅客不超過(guò)1200計(jì)算單位。
An agreement may be reached between the carrier and the passengers with respect to the deductibles applicable to the compensation for loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles and luggage other than their vehicles. However, the deductible with respect to the loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles shall not exceed 117 Units of Account per vehicle, whereas the deductible for the loss of or damage to the luggage other than the vehicle shall not exceed 13 Units of Account per piece of luggage per passenger. In calculating the amount of compensation for the loss of or damage to the passenger's vehicle or the luggage other than the vehicle, deduction shall be made of the agreed deductibles the carrier is entitled to.
承運(yùn)人和旅客可以約定，承運(yùn)人對(duì)旅客車(chē)輛和旅客車(chē)輛以外的其他行李損失的免賠額。但是，對(duì)每一車(chē)輛損失的免賠額不得超過(guò)１１７計(jì)算單位，對(duì)每名旅客的車(chē)輛以外的其他行李損失的免賠額不得超過(guò)１３計(jì)算單位。在計(jì)算每一車(chē)輛或者每名旅客的車(chē)輛以外的其他行李的損失賠償數(shù)額時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)扣除約定的承運(yùn)人免賠額。
A higher limitation of liability than that set out in sub-paragraph (1) above may be agreed upon between the carrier and the passenger in writing.
承運(yùn)人和旅客可以書(shū)面約定高于本條第一款規(guī)定的賠償責(zé)任限額。
The limitation of liability of the carrier with respect to the carriage of passengers by sea between the ports of the People's Republic of China shall be fixed by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council and implemented after its being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間的海上旅客運(yùn)輸，承運(yùn)人的賠償責(zé)任限額，由國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)制定，報(bào)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)后施行。
Article 118 If it is proved that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss or damage or recklessly and with knowledge that such death or personal injury or such loss or damage would probably result ,the carrier shall not invoke the provisions regarding the limitation of liability contained in Articles 116 and 117 of this Law.
第一百一十八條 經(jīng)證明，旅客的人身傷亡或者行李的滅失、損壞，是由于承運(yùn)人的故意或者明知可能造成損害而輕率地作為或者不作為造成的，承運(yùn)人不得援用本法第一百一十六條和第一百一十七條限制賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定。
If it is proved that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage resulted from an act or omission of the servant or agent of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss or damage or recklessly and with knowledge that such death or personal injury or such loss or damage would probably result, the servant or agent of the carrier shall not invoke the provisions regarding the limitation of liability contained in Articles 116 and 117 of this Law.
經(jīng)證明，旅客的人身傷亡或者行李的滅失、損壞，是由于承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人的故意或者明知可能造成損害而輕率地作為或者不作為造成的，承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人不得援用本法第一百一十六條和第一百一十七條限制賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定。
Article 119 In case of apparent damage to the luggage, the passenger shall notify the carrier or his servant or agent in writing according to the following:
第一百一十九條 行李發(fā)生明顯損壞的，旅客應(yīng)當(dāng)依照下列規(guī)定向承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人提交書(shū)面通知：
(1) Notice with respect to cabin luggage shall be made before or at the time of his embarkation;
（一）自帶行李，應(yīng)當(dāng)在旅客離船前或者離船時(shí)提交；
(2) Notice regarding luggage other than cabin luggage shall be made before or at the time of redelivery thereof.
（二）其他行李，應(yīng)當(dāng)在行李交還前或者交還時(shí)提交。
If the damage to the luggage is not apparent and it is difficult for the passenger to discover such damage at the time of his disembarkation or of the redelivery of the luggage, or if the luggage has been lost, the passenger shall notify the carrier or his servant or agent in writing within 15 days from the next day of disembarkation of the passenger or of the redelivery of the luggage.
行李的損壞不明顯，旅客在離船時(shí)或者行李交還時(shí)難以發(fā)現(xiàn)的，以及行李發(fā)生滅失的，旅客應(yīng)當(dāng)在離船或者行李交還或者應(yīng)當(dāng)交還之日起十五日內(nèi)，向承運(yùn)人或者承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人提交書(shū)面通知。
If the passenger fails to send in the notice in writing in time in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Article, it shall be presumed that the luggage has been received undamaged, unless proof to the contrary is made.
旅客未依照本條第一、二款規(guī)定及時(shí)提交書(shū)面通知的，除非提出反證，視為已經(jīng)完整無(wú)損地收到行李。
Where the luggage has been jointly surveyed or inspected by the passenger and the carrier at the time of redelivery thereof, the above-mentioned notice need not be given.
行李交還時(shí)，旅客已經(jīng)會(huì)同承運(yùn)人對(duì)行李進(jìn)行聯(lián)合檢查或者檢驗(yàn)的，無(wú)需提交書(shū)面通知。
Article 120 With regard to the claims made to the carrier's servant or agent, such servant or agent shall be entitled to invoke the provisions regarding defence and limitation of liability contained in Articles 115,116 and 117 of this Law if such servant or agent proves that his act or omission was within the scope of his employment or agency.
第一百二十條 向承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人提出的賠償請(qǐng)求，受雇人或者代理人證明其行為是在受雇或者受委托的范圍內(nèi)的，有權(quán)援用本法第一百一十五條、第一百一十六條和第一百一十七條的抗辯理由和賠償責(zé)任限制的規(guī)定。
Article 121 Where the performance of the carriage of passengers or part thereof has been entrusted by the carrier to an actual carrier, the carrier shall, as stipulated in this Chapter, remain liable for the entire carriage. Where the carriage is performed by the actual carrier, the carrier shall be liable for the act or omission of the actual carrier or the act or omission of his servant or agent within the scope of his employment or agency.
第一百二十一條 承運(yùn)人將旅客運(yùn)送或者部分運(yùn)送委托給實(shí)際承運(yùn)人履行的，仍然應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本章規(guī)定，對(duì)全程運(yùn)送負(fù)責(zé)。實(shí)際承運(yùn)人履行運(yùn)送的，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的行為或者實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的受雇人、代理人在受雇或者受委托的范圍內(nèi)的行為負(fù)責(zé)。
Article 122 Any special agreement under which the carrier assumes obligations not provided for in this Chapter or waives the rights conferred by this Chapter shall be binding upon the actual carrier where the actual carrier has expressly agreed in writing to the contents thereof. Such a special agreement shall be binding upon the carrier whether the actual carrier has agreed to its contents or not.
第一百二十二條 承運(yùn)人承擔(dān)本章未規(guī)定的義務(wù)或者放棄本章賦予的權(quán)利的任何特別協(xié)議，經(jīng)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人書(shū)面明確同意的，對(duì)實(shí)際承運(yùn)人發(fā)生效力；實(shí)際承運(yùn)人是否同意，不影響此項(xiàng)特別協(xié)議對(duì)承運(yùn)人的效力。
Article 123 Where both the carrier and the actual carrier are liable for compensation, they shall be liable jointly and severally within the scope of such liability.
第一百二十三條 承運(yùn)人與實(shí)際承運(yùn)人均負(fù)有賠償責(zé)任的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在此項(xiàng)責(zé)任限度內(nèi)負(fù)連帶責(zé)任。
Article 124 Where separate claims have been brought against the carrier, the actual carrier and their servants or agents with respect to the death of or personal injury to the passengers or the loss of or damage to their luggage, the aggregate amount of compensation shall not be in excess of the limitation prescribed in Article 117 of this Law.
第一百二十四條 就旅客的人身傷亡或者行李的滅失、損壞，分別向承運(yùn)人、實(shí)際承運(yùn)人以及他們的受雇人、代理人提出賠償請(qǐng)求的，賠償總額不得超過(guò)本法第一百一十七條規(guī)定的限額。
Article 125 The provisions of Articles 121 through 124 of this Law shall not affect the right of recourse between the carrier and the actual carrier.
第一百二十五條 本法第一百二十一條至第一百二十四條的規(guī)定，不影響承運(yùn)人和實(shí)際承運(yùn)人之間相互追償。
Article 126 Any of the following clauses contained in a contract of carriage of passengers by sea shall be null and void:
第一百二十六條 海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同中含有下列內(nèi)容之一的條款無(wú)效：
(1) Any clause that exonerates the statutory responsibility of the carrier in respect of the passenger;
（一）免除承運(yùn)人對(duì)旅客應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的法定責(zé)任；
(2) Any clause that reduces the limitation of liability of the carrier as contained in this Chapter;
（二）降低本章規(guī)定的承運(yùn)人責(zé)任限額；
(3) Any clause that contains provisions contrary to those of this Chapter concerning burden of proof; and
（三）對(duì)本章規(guī)定的舉證責(zé)任作出相反的約定；
(4) Any clause that restricts the right of claim of the passenger.
（四）限制旅客提出賠償請(qǐng)求的權(quán)利。
The nullity and voidness of the clauses set out in the preceding paragraph shall not prejudice the validity of the other clauses of the contract.
前款規(guī)定的合同條款的無(wú)效，不影響合同其他條款的效力。
Chapter VI Charter Parties
第六章 船舶租用合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Article 127 The provisions concerning the rights and obligations of the shipowner and the charterer in this Chapter shall apply only when there are no stipulations or no different stipulations in this regard in the charter party.
第一百二十七條 本章關(guān)于出租人和承租人之間權(quán)利、義務(wù)的規(guī)定，僅在船舶租用合同沒(méi)有約定或者沒(méi)有不同約定時(shí)適用。
Article 128 Charter parties including time charter parties and bareboat charter parties shall be concluded in writing.
第一百二十八條 船舶租用合同，包括定期租船合同和光船租賃合同，均應(yīng)當(dāng)書(shū)面訂立。
Section 2 Time Charter Party
第二節(jié) 定期租船合同
Article 129 A time charter party is a contract under which the shipowner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer, and the charterer employs the ship during the contractual period for the agreed service against payment of hire.
第一百二十九條 定期租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供約定的由出租人配備船員的船舶，由承租人在約定的期間內(nèi)按照約定的用途使用，并支付租金的合同。
Article 130 A time charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner, the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage, capacity, speed and fuel consumption of the ship; the trading area; the agreed service, the contractual period, the time, place and conditions of delivery and redelivery of the ship; the hire and the way of its payment and other relevant matters.
第一百三十條 定期租船合同的內(nèi)容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名稱(chēng)、船名、船籍、船級(jí)、噸位、容積、船速、燃料消耗、航區(qū)、用途、租船期間、交船和還船的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)以及條件、租金及其支付，以及其他有關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
Article 131 The shipowner shall deliver the ship within the time agreed upon in the charter party.
第一百三十一條 出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照合同約定的時(shí)間交付船舶。
Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer is entitled to cancel the charter. However, if the shipowner has notified the charterer of the anticipated delay in delivery and has given an estimated time of arrival of the ship at the port of delivery, the charterer shall notify the shipowner, within 48 hours of the receipt of such notice from the shipowner, of his decision whether to cancel the charter or not.
出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權(quán)解除合同。出租人將船舶延誤情況和船舶預(yù)期抵達(dá)交船港的日期通知承租人的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)自接到通知時(shí)起四十八小時(shí)內(nèi)，將解除合同或者繼續(xù)租用船舶的決定通知出租人。
The shipowner shall be liable for the charterer's loss resulting from the delay in delivery of the ship due to the shipowner's fault.
因出租人過(guò)失延誤提供船舶致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 132 At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy. The ship delivered shall be fit for the intended service.
第一百三十二條 出租人交付船舶時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)做到謹(jǐn)慎處理，使船舶適航。交付的船舶應(yīng)當(dāng)適于約定的用途。
Where the shipowner acts against the provisions in the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.
出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權(quán)解除合同，并有權(quán)要求賠償因此遭受的損失。
Article 133 During the charter period, if the ship is found at variance with the seaworthiness or the other conditions agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall take all reasonable measures to have them restored as soon as possible.
第一百三十三條 船舶在租期內(nèi)不符合約定的適航狀態(tài)或者其他狀態(tài)，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)采取可能采取的合理措施，使之盡快恢復(fù)。
Where the ship has not been operated normally for 24 consecutive hours due to its failure to maintain the seaworthiness or the other conditions as agreed upon, the charterer shall not pay the hire for the operating time so lost, unless such failure was caused by the charterer.
船舶不符合約定的適航狀態(tài)或者其他狀態(tài)而不能正常營(yíng)運(yùn)連續(xù)滿二十四小時(shí)的，對(duì)因此而損失的營(yíng)運(yùn)時(shí)間，承租人不付租金，但是上述狀態(tài)是由承租人造成的除外。
Article 134 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed in the agreed maritime transport between the safe ports or places within the trading area agreed upon.
第一百三十四條 承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)保證船舶在約定航區(qū)內(nèi)的安全港口或者地點(diǎn)之間從事約定的海上運(yùn)輸。
If the charterer acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.
承租人違反前款規(guī)定的，出租人有權(quán)解除合同，并有權(quán)要求賠償因此遭受的損失。
Article 135 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed to carry the lawful merchandise agreed.
第一百三十五條 承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)保證船舶用于運(yùn)輸約定的合法的貨物。
Where the ship is to be employed by the charterer to carry live animals or dangerous goods, a prior consent of the shipowner is required.
承租人將船舶用于運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)物或者危險(xiǎn)貨物的，應(yīng)當(dāng)事先征得出租人的同意。
The charterer shall be liable for any loss of the shipowner resulting from the charterer's violation of the provisions of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of this Article.
承租人違反本條第一款或者第二款的規(guī)定致使出租人遭受損失的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 136 The charterer shall be entitled to give the Master instructions with respect to the operation of the ship. However, such instructions shall not be inconsistent with the stipulations of the time charter.
第一百三十六條 承租人有權(quán)就船舶的營(yíng)運(yùn)向船長(zhǎng)發(fā)出指示，但是不得違反定期租船合同的約定。
Article 137 The charterer may sublet the ship under charter, but he shall notify the shipowner of the sublet in time. The rights and obligations agreed upon in the head charter shall not be affected by the sub-charter.
第一百三十七條 承租人可以將租用的船舶轉(zhuǎn)租，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)將轉(zhuǎn)租的情況及時(shí)通知出租人。租用的船舶轉(zhuǎn)租后，原租船合同約定的權(quán)利和義務(wù)不受影響。
Article 138 Where the ownership of the ship under charter has been transferred by the shipowner, the rights and obligations agreed upon under the original charter shall not be affected. However, the shipowner shall inform the charterer thereof in time. After such transfer, the transferee and the charterer shall continue to perform the original charter.
第一百三十八條 船舶所有人轉(zhuǎn)讓已經(jīng)租出的船舶的所有權(quán)，定期租船合同約定的當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利和義務(wù)不受影響，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)通知承租人。船舶所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓后，原租船合同由受讓人和承租人繼續(xù)履行。
Article 139 Should the ship be engaged in salvage operations during the charter period, the charterer shall be entitled to half of the amount of the payment for salvage operations after deducting therefrom the salvage expenses, compensation for damage, the portion due to crew members and other relevant costs.
第一百三十九條 在合同期間，船舶進(jìn)行海難救助的，承租人有權(quán)獲得扣除救助費(fèi)用、損失賠償、船員應(yīng)得部分以及其他費(fèi)用后的救助款項(xiàng)的一半。
Article 140 The charterer shall pay the hire as agreed upon in the charter. Where the charterer fails to pay the hire as agreed upon, the shipowner shall be entitled to cancel the charter party and claim any losses resulting therefrom.
第一百四十條 承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照合同約定支付租金。承租人未按照合同約定支付租金的，出租人有權(quán)解除合同，并有權(quán)要求賠償因此遭受的損失。
Article 141 In case the charterer fails to pay the hire or other sums of money as agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall have a lien on the charterer's goods, other property on board and earnings from the sub-charter.
第一百四十一條 承租人未向出租人支付租金或者合同約定的其他款項(xiàng)的，出租人對(duì)船上屬于承租人的貨物和財(cái)產(chǎn)以及轉(zhuǎn)租船舶的收入有留置權(quán)。
Article 142 When the charterer redelivers the ship to the shipowner, the ship shall be in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, fair wear and tear excepted.
第一百四十二條 承租人向出租人交還船舶時(shí)，該船舶應(yīng)當(dāng)具有與出租人交船時(shí)相同的良好狀態(tài)，但是船舶本身的自然磨損除外。
Where, upon redelivery, the ship fails to remain in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, the charterer shall be responsible for rehabilitation or for compensation.
船舶未能保持與交船時(shí)相同的良好狀態(tài)的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)修復(fù)或者給予賠償。
Article 143 If, on the basis of a reasonable calculation, a ship may be able to complete its last voyage at around the time of redelivery specified in the charter and probably thereafter, the charterer is entitled to continue to use the ship in order to complete that voyage even if its time of redelivery will be overdue. During the extended period, the charterer shall pay the hire at the rate fixed by the charter, and, if the current market rate of hire is higher than that specified in the charter, the charterer shall pay the hire at the current market rate.
第一百四十三條 經(jīng)合理計(jì)算，完成最后航次的日期約為合同約定的還船日期，但可能超過(guò)合同約定的還船日期的，承租人有權(quán)超期用船以完成該航次。超期期間，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照合同約定的租金率支付租金；市場(chǎng)的租金率高于合同約定的租金率的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照市場(chǎng)租金率支付租金。
Section 3 Bareboat Charter Party
第三節(jié) 光船租賃合同
Article 144 A bareboat charter party is a charter party under which the shipowner provides the charterer with an unmanned ship which the charterer shall possess, employ and operate within an agreed period and for which the charterer shall pay the shipowner the hire.
第一百四十四條 光船租賃合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供不配備船員的船舶，在約定的期間內(nèi)由承租人占有、使用和營(yíng)運(yùn)，并向出租人支付租金的合同。
Article 145 A bareboat charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner and the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage and capacity of the ship; the trading area, the employment of the ship and the charter period; the time, place and condition of delivery and redelivery; the survey, maintenance and repair of the ship; the hire and its payment; the insurance of the ship; the time and condition for the termination of the charter and other relevant matters.
第一百四十五條 光船租賃合同的內(nèi)容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名稱(chēng)、船名、船籍、船級(jí)、噸位、容積、航區(qū)、用途、租船期間、交船和還船的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)以及條件、船舶檢驗(yàn)、船舶的保養(yǎng)維修、租金及其支付、船舶保險(xiǎn)、合同解除的時(shí)間和條件，以及其他有關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
Article 146 The shipowner shall deliver the ship and its certificates to the charterer at the port or place and time as stipulated in the charter party. At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy. The ship delivered shall be fit for the agreed service.
第一百四十六條 出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)在合同約定的港口或者地點(diǎn)，按照合同約定的時(shí)間，向承租人交付船舶以及船舶證書(shū)。交船時(shí)，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)做到謹(jǐn)慎處理，使船舶適航。交付的船舶應(yīng)當(dāng)適于合同約定的用途。
Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.
出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權(quán)解除合同，并有權(quán)要求賠償因此遭受的損失。
Article 147 The charterer shall be responsible for the maintenance and repair of the ship during the bareboat charter period.
第一百四十七條 在光船租賃期間，承租人負(fù)責(zé)船舶的保養(yǎng)、維修。
Article 148 During the bareboat charter period, the ship shall be insured, at the value agreed upon in the charter and in the way consented to by the shipowner, by the charterer at his expense.
第一百四十八條 在光船租賃期間，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照合同約定的船舶價(jià)值，以出租人同意的保險(xiǎn)方式為船舶進(jìn)行保險(xiǎn)，并負(fù)擔(dān)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。
Article 149 During the bareboat charter period, if the charterer's possession, employment or operation of the ship has affected the interests of the shipowner or caused any losses thereto, the charterer shall be liable for eliminating the harmful effect or compensating for the losses.
第一百四十九條 在光船租賃期間，因承租人對(duì)船舶占有、使用和營(yíng)運(yùn)的原因使出租人的利益受到影響或者遭受損失的，承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)消除影響或者賠償損失。
Should the ship be arrested due to any disputes over its ownership or debts owed by the shipowner, the shipowner shall guarantee that the interest of the charterer is not affected. The shipowner shall be liable for compensation for any losses suffered by the charterer thereby.
因船舶所有權(quán)爭(zhēng)議或者出租人所負(fù)的債務(wù)致使船舶被扣押的，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)保證承租人的利益不受影響；致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 150 During the bareboat charter period, the charterer shall not assign the rights and obligations stipulated in the charter or sublet the ship under bareboat charter without the shipowner's consent in writing.
第一百五十條 在光船租賃期間，未經(jīng)出租人書(shū)面同意，承租人不得轉(zhuǎn)讓合同的權(quán)利和義務(wù)或者以光船租賃的方式將船舶進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)租。
Article 151 The shipowner shall not establish any mortgage of the ship during the bareboat charter period without the prior consent in writing by the charterer.
第一百五十一條 未經(jīng)承租人事先書(shū)面同意，出租人不得在光船租賃期間對(duì)船舶設(shè)定抵押權(quán)。
Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph and thereby causes losses to the charterer, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.
出租人違反前款規(guī)定，致使承租人遭受損失的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 152 The charterer shall pay the hire as stipulated in the charter. In default of payment by the charterer for seven consecutive days or more after the time as agreed in the charter for such payment, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter without prejudice to any claim for the loss arising from the charterer's default.
第一百五十二條 承租人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照合同約定支付租金。承租人未按照合同約定的時(shí)間支付租金連續(xù)超過(guò)七日的，出租人有權(quán)解除合同，并有權(quán)要求賠償因此遭受的損失。
Should the ship be lost or missing, payment of hire shall cease from the day when the ship was lost or last heard of. Any hire paid in advance shall be refunded in proportion.
船舶發(fā)生滅失或者失蹤的，租金應(yīng)當(dāng)自船舶滅失或者得知其最后消息之日起停止支付，預(yù)付租金應(yīng)當(dāng)按照比例退還。
Article 153 The provisions of Article 134, paragraph 1 of Article 135, Article 142 and Article 143 of this Law shall be applicable to bareboat charter parties.
第一百五十三條 本法第一百三十四條、第一百三十五條第一款、第一百四十二條和第一百四十三條的規(guī)定，適用于光船租賃合同。
Article 154 The ownership of a ship under bareboat charter containing a lease-purchase clause shall be transferred to the charterer when the charterer has paid off the lease-purchase price to the shipowner as stipulated in the charter.
第一百五十四條 訂有租購(gòu)條款的光船租賃合同，承租人按照合同約定向出租人付清租購(gòu)費(fèi)時(shí)，船舶所有權(quán)即歸于承租人。
Chapter VII Contract of Sea Towage
第七章 海上拖航合同
Article 155 A contract of sea towage is a contract whereby the tugowner undertakes to tow an object by sea with a tug from one place to another and the tow party pays the towage.
第一百五十五條 海上拖航合同，是指承拖方用拖輪將被拖物經(jīng)海路從一地拖至另一地，而由被拖方支付拖航費(fèi)的合同。
The provisions of this Chapter shall not be applicable to the towage service rendered to ships within the port area.
本章規(guī)定不適用于在港區(qū)內(nèi)對(duì)船舶提供的拖輪服務(wù)。
Article 156 A contract of sea towage shall be made in writing. Its contents shall mainly include name and address of the tugowner, name and address of the tow party, name and main particulars of the tug and name and main particulars of the object to be towed, horse power of the tug, place of commencement of the towage and the destination, the date of commencement of the towage, towage price and the way of payment thereof, as well as other relevant matters.
第一百五十六條 海上拖航合同應(yīng)當(dāng)書(shū)面訂立。海上拖航合同的內(nèi)容，主要包括承拖方和被拖方的名稱(chēng)和住所、拖輪和被拖物的名稱(chēng)和主要尺度、拖輪馬力、起拖地和目的地、起拖日期、拖航費(fèi)及其支付方式，以及其他有關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
Article 157 The tugowner shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, exercise due diligence to make the tug seaworthy and towworthy and to properly man the tug and equip it with gears and tow lines and to provide all other necessary supplies and appliances for the intended voyage.
第一百五十七條 承拖方在起拖前和起拖當(dāng)時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)謹(jǐn)慎處理，使拖輪處于適航、適拖狀態(tài)，妥善配備船員，配置拖航索具和配備供應(yīng)品以及該航次必備的其他裝置、設(shè)備。
The tow party shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, make all necessary preparations therefore and shall exercise due diligence to make the object to be towed towworthy and shall give a true account of the object to be towed and provide the certificate of towworthiness and other documents issued by the relevant survey and inspection organizations.
被拖方在起拖前和起拖當(dāng)時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)做好被拖物的拖航準(zhǔn)備，謹(jǐn)慎處理，使被拖物處于適拖狀態(tài)，并向承拖方如實(shí)說(shuō)明被拖物的情況，提供有關(guān)檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)簽發(fā)的被拖物適合拖航的證書(shū)和有關(guān)文件。
Article 158 If before the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the contract and neither shall be liable to the other. In such event, the towage price that had already been paid shall be returned to the tow party by the tugowner, unless otherwise agreed upon in the towage contract.
第一百五十八條 起拖前，因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于雙方的原因致使合同不能履行的，雙方均可以解除合同，并互相不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。除合同另有約定外，拖航費(fèi)已經(jīng)支付的，承拖方應(yīng)當(dāng)退還給被拖方。
Article 159 If after the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the towage contract and neither shall be liable to the other.
第一百五十九條 起拖后，因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于雙方的原因致使合同不能繼續(xù)履行的，雙方均可以解除合同，并互相不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 160 Where the object towed could not reach its destination due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, unless the towage contract provides otherwise, the tugowner may deliver the object towed to the tow party or its agent at a place near the destination or at a safe port or an anchorage chosen by the Master of the tug, and the contract of towage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.
第一百六十條 因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于雙方的原因致使被拖物不能拖至目的地的，除合同另有約定外，承拖方可以在目的地的鄰近地點(diǎn)或者拖輪船長(zhǎng)選定的安全的港口或者錨泊地，將被拖物移交給被拖方或者其代理人，視為已經(jīng)履行合同。
Article 161 Where the tow party fails to pay the towage price or other reasonable expenses as agreed, the tugowner shall have a lien on the object towed.
第一百六十一條 被拖方未按照約定支付拖航費(fèi)和其他合理費(fèi)用的，承拖方對(duì)被拖物有留置權(quán)。
Article 162 In the course of the sea towage, if the damage suffered by the tugowner or the tow party was caused by the fault of one of the parties, the party in fault shall be liable for compensation. If the damage was caused by the faults of both parties, both parties shall be liable for compensation in proportion to the extent of their respective faults.
第一百六十二條 在海上拖航過(guò)程中，承拖方或者被拖方遭受的損失，由一方的過(guò)失造成的，有過(guò)失的一方應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；由雙方過(guò)失造成的，各方按照過(guò)失程度的比例負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the tugowner shall not be liable if he proves that the damage suffered by the tow party is due to one of the following causes:
雖有前款規(guī)定，經(jīng)承拖方證明，被拖方的損失是由于下列原因之一造成的，承拖方不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；
(1) Fault of the Master or other crew members of the tug or the pilot or other servants or agents of the tugowner in the navigation and management of the tug;
（一）拖輪船長(zhǎng)、船員、引航員或者承拖方的其他受雇人、代理人在駕駛拖輪或者管理拖輪中的過(guò)失；
(2) Fault of the tug in saving or attempting to save life or property at sea.
（二）拖輪在海上救助或者企圖救助人命或者財(cái)產(chǎn)時(shí)的過(guò)失。
The provisions of this Article shall only apply if and when there are no provisions or no different provisions in this regard in the sea towage contract.
本條規(guī)定僅在海上拖航合同沒(méi)有約定或者沒(méi)有不同約定時(shí)適用。
Article 163 If death of or personal injury to a third party or damage to property thereof has occurred during the sea towage due to the fault of the tugowner or the tow party, the tugowner and the tow party shall be liable jointly and severally to that third party. Except as otherwise provided for in the towage contract, the party that has jointly and severally paid a compensation in an amount exceeding the proportion for which it is liable shall have the right of recourse against the other party.
第一百六十三條 在海上拖航過(guò)程中，由于承拖方或者被拖方的過(guò)失，造成第三人人身傷亡或者財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的，承拖方和被拖方對(duì)第三人負(fù)連帶賠償責(zé)任。除合同另有約定外，一方連帶支付的賠償超過(guò)其應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的比例的，對(duì)另一方有追償權(quán)。
Article 164 Where a tugowner towing a barge owned or operated by him to transport goods by sea from one port to another, it shall be deemed as an act of carriage of goods by sea.
第一百六十四條 拖輪所有人拖帶其所有的或者經(jīng)營(yíng)的駁船載運(yùn)貨物，經(jīng)海路由一港運(yùn)至另一港的，視為海上貨物運(yùn)輸。
Chapter VIII Collision of Ships
第八章 船舶碰撞
Article 165 Collision of ships means an accident arising from the touching of ships at sea or in other navigable waters adjacent thereto.
第一百六十五條 船舶碰撞，是指船舶在海上或者與海相通的可航水域發(fā)生接觸造成損害的事故。
Ships referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include those non-military or public service ships or craft that collide with the ships mentioned in Article 3 of this Law.
前款所稱(chēng)船舶，包括與本法第三條所指船舶碰撞的任何其他非用于軍事的或者政府公務(wù)的船艇。
Article 166 After a collision, the Master of each of the ships in collision is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board to render assistance to the other ship and persons on board.
第一百六十六條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，當(dāng)事船舶的船長(zhǎng)在不嚴(yán)重危及本船和船上人員安全的情況下，對(duì)于相碰的船舶和船上人員必須盡力施救。
The Masters of each of the ships in collision is likewise bound so far as possible to make known to the other ship the name of his ship, its port of registry, port of departure and port of destination.
碰撞船舶的船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能將其船舶名稱(chēng)、船籍港、出發(fā)港和目的港通知對(duì)方。
Article 167 Neither of the parties shall be liable to the other if the collision is caused by force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party or if the cause thereof is left in doubt.
第一百六十七條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，是由于不可抗力或者其他不能歸責(zé)于任何一方的原因或者無(wú)法查明的原因造成的，碰撞各方互相不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 168 If the collision is caused by the fault of one of the ships, the one in fault shall be liable therefore.
第一百六十八條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，是由于一船的過(guò)失造成的，由有過(guò)失的船舶負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 169 If the colliding ships are all in fault, each ship shall be liable in proportion to the extent of its fault; if the respective faults are equal in proportion or it is impossible to determine the extent of the proportion of the respective faults, the liability of the colliding ships shall be apportioned equally.
第一百六十九條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，碰撞的船舶互有過(guò)失的，各船按照過(guò)失程度的比例負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；過(guò)失程度相當(dāng)或者過(guò)失程度的比例無(wú)法判定的，平均負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
The ships in fault shall be liable for the damage to the ship, the goods and other property on board pursuant to the proportions prescribed in the preceding paragraph. Where damage is caused to the property of a third party, the liability for compensation of any of the colliding ships shall not exceed the proportion it shall bear.
互有過(guò)失的船舶，對(duì)碰撞造成的船舶以及船上貨物和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失，依照前款規(guī)定的比例負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。碰撞造成第三人財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的，各船的賠償責(zé)任均不超過(guò)其應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的比例。
If the ships in fault have caused loss of life or personal injury to a third party, they shall be jointly and severally liable therefore. If a ship has paid an amount of compensation in excess of the proportion prescribed in paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall have the right of recourse against the other ship(s) in fault.
互有過(guò)失的船舶，對(duì)造成的第三人的人身傷亡，負(fù)連帶賠償責(zé)任。一船連帶支付的賠償超過(guò)本條第一款規(guī)定的比例的，有權(quán)向其他有過(guò)失的船舶追償。
Article 170 Where a ship has caused damage to another ship and persons, goods or other property on board that ship, either by the execution or non-execution of a maneuvre or by the non-observance of navigation regulations, even if no collision has actually occurred, the provisions of this Chapter shall apply.
第一百七十條 船舶因操縱不當(dāng)或者不遵守航行規(guī)章，雖然實(shí)際上沒(méi)有同其他船舶發(fā)生碰撞，但是使其他船舶以及船上的人員、貨物或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)遭受損失的，適用本章的規(guī)定。
Chapter IX Salvage at Sea
第九章 海難救助
Article 171 The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to salvage operations rendered at sea or any other navigable waters adjacent thereto to ships and other property in distress.
第一百七十一條 本章規(guī)定適用于在海上或者與海相通的可航水域，對(duì)遇險(xiǎn)的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)進(jìn)行的救助。
Article 172 For the purposes of this Chapter:
第一百七十二條 本章下列用語(yǔ)的含義：
(1)"Ship" means any ship referred to in Article 3 of this Law and any other non-military, public service ship or craft that has been involved in a salvage operation therewith;
（一）“船舶”，是指本法第三條所稱(chēng)的船舶和與其發(fā)生救助關(guān)系的任何其他非用于軍事的或者政府公務(wù)的船艇。
(2)"Property" means any property not permanently and intentionally attached to the shoreline and includes freight at risk;
（二）“財(cái)產(chǎn)”，是指非永久地和非有意地依附于岸線的任何財(cái)產(chǎn)，包括有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)費(fèi)。
(3) "Payment" means any reward, remuneration or compensation for salvage operations to be paid by the salved party to the salvor pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter.
（三）“救助款項(xiàng)”，是指依照本章規(guī)定，被救助方應(yīng)當(dāng)向救助方支付的任何救助報(bào)酬、酬金或者補(bǔ)償。
Article 173 The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to fixed or floating platforms or mobile offshore drilling units when such platforms or units are on location engaged in the exploration, exploitation or production of sea-bed mineral resources.
第一百七十三條 本章規(guī)定，不適用于海上已經(jīng)就位的從事海底礦物資源的勘探、開(kāi)發(fā)或者生產(chǎn)的固定式、浮動(dòng)式平臺(tái)和移動(dòng)式近海鉆井裝置。
Article 174 Every Master is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board, to render assistance to any person in danger of being lost at sea.
第一百七十四條 船長(zhǎng)在不嚴(yán)重危及本船和船上人員安全的情況下，有義務(wù)盡力救助海上人命。
Article 175 A contract for salvage operations at sea is concluded when an agreement has been reached between the salvor and the salved party regarding the salvage operations to be undertaken.
第一百七十五條 救助方與被救助方就海難救助達(dá)成協(xié)議，救助合同成立。
The Master of the ship in distress shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the shipowner. The Master of the ship in distress or its owner shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the owner of the property on board.
遇險(xiǎn)船舶的船長(zhǎng)有權(quán)代表船舶所有人訂立救助合同。遇險(xiǎn)船舶的船長(zhǎng)或者船舶所有人有權(quán)代表船上財(cái)產(chǎn)所有人訂立救助合同。
Article 176 The salvage contract may be modified by a judgment of the court which has entertained the suit brought by either party, or modified by an award of the arbitration organization to which the dispute has been submitted for arbitration upon the agreement of the parties, under any of the following circumstances:
第一百七十六條 有下列情形之一，經(jīng)一方當(dāng)事人起訴或者雙方當(dāng)事人協(xié)議仲裁的，受理爭(zhēng)議的法院或者仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)可以判決或者裁決變更救助合同：
(1) The contract has been entered into under undue influence or the influence of danger and its terms are obviously inequitable;
（一）合同在不正當(dāng)?shù)幕蛘呶ｋU(xiǎn)情況的影響下訂立，合同條款顯失公平的；
(2) The payment under the contract is in an excessive degree too large or too small for the services actually rendered.
（二）根據(jù)合同支付的救助款項(xiàng)明顯過(guò)高或者過(guò)低于實(shí)際提供的救助服務(wù)的。
Article 177 During the salvage operation, the salvor shall owe a duty to the salved party to:
第一百七十七條 在救助作業(yè)過(guò)程中，救助方對(duì)被救助方負(fù)有下列義務(wù)：
(1) carry out the salvage operation with due care;
（一）以應(yīng)有的謹(jǐn)慎進(jìn)行救助；
(2) exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;
（二）以應(yīng)有的謹(jǐn)慎防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害；
(3) seek the assistance of other salvors where reasonably necessary;
（三）在合理需要的情況下，尋求其他救助方援助；
(4) accept the reasonable request of the salved party to seek the participation in the salvage operation of other salvors. However, if the request is not well-founded, the amount of payment due to the original salvor shall not be affected.
（四）當(dāng)被救助方合理地要求其他救助方參與救助作業(yè)時(shí)，接受此種要求，但是要求不合理的，原救助方的救助報(bào)酬金額不受影響。
Article 178 During the salvage operation, the party salved is under an obligation to the salvor to:
第一百七十八條 在救助作業(yè)過(guò)程中，被救助方對(duì)救助方負(fù)有下列義務(wù)：
(1) cooperate fully with the salvor;
（一）與救助方通力合作；
(2) exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;
（二）以應(yīng)有的謹(jǐn)慎防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害；
(3) promptly accept the request of the salvor to take delivery of the ship or property salved when such ship or property has been brought to a place of safety.
（三）當(dāng)獲救的船舶或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)已經(jīng)被送至安全地點(diǎn)時(shí)，及時(shí)接受救助方提出的合理的移交要求。
Article 179 Where the salvage operations rendered to the distressed ship and other property have had a useful result, the salvor shall be entitled to a reward. Except as otherwise provided for by Article 182 of this Law or by other laws or the salvage contract, the salvor shall not be entitled to the payment if the salvage operations have had no useful result.
第一百七十九條 救助方對(duì)遇險(xiǎn)的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的救助，取得效果的，有權(quán)獲得救助報(bào)酬；救助未取得效果的，除本法第一百八十二條或者其他法律另有規(guī)定或者合同另有約定外，無(wú)權(quán)獲得救助款項(xiàng)。
Article 180 The reward shall be fixed with a view to encouraging salvage operations, taking into full account the following criteria:
第一百八十條 確定救助報(bào)酬，應(yīng)當(dāng)體現(xiàn)對(duì)救助作業(yè)的鼓勵(lì)，并綜合考慮下列各項(xiàng)因素：
(1) Value of the ship and other property salved;
（一）船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的獲救的價(jià)值；
(2) Skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimizing the pollution damage to the environment;
（二）救助方在防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害方面的技能和努力；
(3) Measure of success obtained by the salvors;
（三）救助方的救助成效；
(4) Nature and extent of the danger;
（四）危險(xiǎn)的性質(zhì)和程度；
(5) Skill and efforts of the salvors in salving the ship, other property and life;
（五）救助方在救助船舶、其他財(cái)產(chǎn)和人命方面的技能和努力；
(6) Time used and expenses and losses incurred by the salvors;
（六）救助方所用的時(shí)間、支出的費(fèi)用和遭受的損失；
(7) Risk of liability and other risks run by the salvors or their equipment;
（七）救助方或者救助設(shè)備所冒的責(zé)任風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；
(8) Promptness of the salvage services rendered by the salvors;
（八）救助方提供救助服務(wù)的及時(shí)性；
(9) Availability and use of ships or other equipment intended for salvage operations;
（九）用于救助作業(yè)的船舶和其他設(shè)備的可用性和使用情況；
(10) State of readiness and efficiency of the salvor's equipment and the value thereof.
（十）救助設(shè)備的備用狀況、效能和設(shè)備的價(jià)值。
The reward shall not exceed the value of the ship and other property salved.
救助報(bào)酬不得超過(guò)船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的獲救價(jià)值。
Article 181 The salved value of the ship and other property means the assessed value of the ship and other property salved or the proceeds of the sale thereof, after deduction of the relevant taxes and customs dues, quarantine expenses, inspection charges as well as expenses incurred in connection with the discharge, storage, assessment of the value and the sale thereof.
第一百八十一條 船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的獲救價(jià)值，是指船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)獲救后的估計(jì)價(jià)值或者實(shí)際出賣(mài)的收入，扣除有關(guān)稅款和海關(guān)、檢疫、檢驗(yàn)費(fèi)用以及進(jìn)行卸載、保管、估價(jià)、出賣(mài)而產(chǎn)生的費(fèi)用后的價(jià)值。
The value prescribed in the preceding paragraph does not include the value of the salved personal belongings of the crew and that of the cabin luggage of the passengers.
前款規(guī)定的價(jià)值不包括船員的獲救的私人物品和旅客的獲救的自帶行李的價(jià)值。
Article 182 If the salvor has carried out the salvage operations in respect of a ship which by itself or its goods threatened pollution damage to the environment and has failed to earn a reward under Article 180 of this Law at least equivalent to the special compensation assessable in accordance with this Article, he shall be entitled to special compensation from the owner of that ship equivalent to his expenses as herein defined.
第一百八十二條 對(duì)構(gòu)成環(huán)境污染損害危險(xiǎn)的船舶或者船上貨物進(jìn)行的救助，救助方依照本法第一百八十條規(guī)定獲得的救助報(bào)酬，少于依照本條規(guī)定可以得到的特別補(bǔ)償?shù)模戎接袡?quán)依照本條規(guī)定，從船舶所有人處獲得相當(dāng)于救助費(fèi)用的特別補(bǔ)償。
If the salvor has carried out the salvage operations prescribed in the preceding paragraph and has prevented or minimized pollution damage to the environment, the special compensation payable by the owner to the salvor under paragraph 1 of this Article may be increased by an amount up to a maximum of 30% of the expenses incurred by the salvor. The court which has entertained the suit or the arbitration organization may, if it deems fair and just and taking into consideration the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 180 of this Law, render a judgment or an award further increasing the amount of such special compensation, but in no event shall the total increase be more than 100% of the expenses incurred by the salvor.
救助人進(jìn)行前款規(guī)定的救助作業(yè)，取得防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害效果的，船舶所有人依照前款規(guī)定應(yīng)當(dāng)向救助方支付的特別補(bǔ)償可以另行增加，增加的數(shù)額可以達(dá)到救助費(fèi)用的百分之三十。受理爭(zhēng)議的法院或者仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)為適當(dāng)，并且考慮到本法第一百八十條第一款的規(guī)定，可以判決或者裁決進(jìn)一步增加特別補(bǔ)償數(shù)額；但是，在任何情況下，增加部分不得超過(guò)救助費(fèi)用的百分之一百。
The salvor's expenses referred to in this Article means the salvor's out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred in the salvage operation and the reasonable expenses for the equipment and personnel actually used in the salvage operation. In determining the salvor's expenses, the provisions of sub-paragraphs (8), (9) and (10) of paragraph 1 of Article 180 of this Law shall be taken into consideration.
本條所稱(chēng)救助費(fèi)用，是指救助方在救助作業(yè)中直接支付的合理費(fèi)用以及實(shí)際使用救助設(shè)備、投入救助人員的合理費(fèi)用。確定救助費(fèi)用應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮本法第一百八十條第一款第（八）、（九）、（十）項(xiàng)的規(guī)定。
Under all circumstances, the total special compensation provided for in this Article shall be paid only if such compensation is greater than the reward recoverable by the salvor under Article 180 of this Law, and the amount to be paid shall be the difference between the special compensation and the reward.
在任何情況下，本條規(guī)定的全部特別補(bǔ)償，只有在超過(guò)救助方依照本法第一百八十條規(guī)定能夠獲得的救助報(bào)酬時(shí)，方可支付，支付金額為特別補(bǔ)償超過(guò)救助報(bào)酬的差額部分。
If the salvor has been negligent and has thereby failed to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment, the salvor may be totally or partly deprived of the right to the special compensation.
由于救助方的過(guò)失未能防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害的，可以全部或者部分地剝奪救助方獲得特別補(bǔ)償?shù)臋?quán)利。
Nothing in this Article shall affect the right of recourse on the part of the shipowner against any other parties salved.
本條規(guī)定不影響船舶所有人對(duì)其他被救助方的追償權(quán)。
Article 183 The salvage reward shall be paid by the owners of the salved ship and other property in accordance with the respective proportions which the salved values of the ship and other property bear to the total salved value.
第一百八十三條 救助報(bào)酬的金額，應(yīng)當(dāng)由獲救的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)的各所有人，按照船舶和其他各項(xiàng)財(cái)產(chǎn)各自的獲救價(jià)值占全部獲救價(jià)值的比例承擔(dān)。
Article 184 The distribution of salvage reward among the salvors taking part in the same salvage operation shall be made by agreement among such salvors on the basis of the criteria set out in Article 180 of this Law; failing such agreement, the matter may be brought before the court hearing the case for judgment, or, upon the agreement of the parties, submitted to the arbitration organization for an award.
第一百八十四條 參加同一救助作業(yè)的各救助方的救助報(bào)酬，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)本法第一百八十條規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，由各方協(xié)商確定；協(xié)商不成的，可以提請(qǐng)受理爭(zhēng)議的法院判決或者經(jīng)各方協(xié)議提請(qǐng)仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)裁決。
Article 185 The salvors of human life may not demand any remuneration from those whose lives are saved. However, salvors of human life are entitled to a fair share of the payment awarded to the salvor for salving the ship or other property or for preventing or minimizing the pollution damage to the environment.
第一百八十五條 在救助作業(yè)中救助人命的救助方，對(duì)獲救人員不得請(qǐng)求酬金，但是有權(quán)從救助船舶或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)、防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害的救助方獲得的救助款項(xiàng)中，獲得合理的份額。
Article 186 The following salvage operations shall not be entitled to remuneration:
第一百八十六條 下列救助行為無(wú)權(quán)獲得救助款項(xiàng)：
(1) The salvage operation is carried out as a duty to normally perform a towage contract or other service contract, with the exception, however, of providing special services beyond the performance of the above said duty.
（一）正常履行拖航合同或者其他服務(wù)合同的義務(wù)進(jìn)行救助的，但是提供不屬于履行上述義務(wù)的特殊勞務(wù)除外；
(2) The salvage operation is carried out in spite of the express and reasonable prohibition on the part of the Master of the ship in distress, the owner of the ship in question and the owner of the other property.
（二）不顧遇險(xiǎn)的船舶的船長(zhǎng)、船舶所有人或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)所有人明確的和合理的拒絕，仍然進(jìn)行救助的。
Article 187 Where the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult due to the fault of the salvor or where the salvor has committed fraud or other dishonest conduct, the salvor shall be deprived of the whole or part of the payment payable to him.
第一百八十七條 由于救助方的過(guò)失致使救助作業(yè)成為必需或者更加困難的，或者救助方有欺詐或者其他不誠(chéng)實(shí)行為的，應(yīng)當(dāng)取消或者減少向救助方支付的救助款項(xiàng)。
Article 188 After the completion of the salvage operation, the party salved shall, at the request of the salvor, provide satisfactory security for salvage reward and other charges.
第一百八十八條 被救助方在救助作業(yè)結(jié)束后，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)救助方的要求，對(duì)救助款項(xiàng)提供滿意的擔(dān)保。
Without prejudice to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the owner of the ship salved shall, before the release of the goods, make best endeavours to cause the owners of the property salved to provide satisfactory security for the share of the payment that they ought to bear.
在不影響前款規(guī)定的情況下，獲救船舶的船舶所有人應(yīng)當(dāng)在獲救的貨物交還前，盡力使貨物的所有人對(duì)其應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的救助款項(xiàng)提供滿意的擔(dān)保。
Without the consent of the salvor, the ship or other property salved shall not be removed from the port or place at which they first arrived after the completion of the salvage operation, until satisfactory security has been provided with respect to the ship or other property salved, as demanded by the salvor.
在未根據(jù)救助人的要求對(duì)獲救的船舶或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)提供滿意的擔(dān)保以前，未經(jīng)救助方同意，不得將獲救的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)從救助作業(yè)完成后最初到達(dá)的港口或者地點(diǎn)移走。
Article 189 The court or the arbitration organization handling the salvor's claim for payment may, in light of the specific circumstances and under fair and just terms, decide or make an award ordering the party salved to pay on account an appropriate amount to the salvor.
第一百八十九條 受理救助款項(xiàng)請(qǐng)求的法院或者仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)，根據(jù)具體情況，在合理的條件下，可以裁定或者裁決被救助方向救助方先行支付適當(dāng)?shù)慕痤~。
On the basis of the payment on account made by the party salved in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the security provided under Article 188 of this Law shall be reduced accordingly.
被救助方根據(jù)前款規(guī)定先行支付金額后，其根據(jù)本法第一百八十八條規(guī)定提供的擔(dān)保金額應(yīng)當(dāng)相應(yīng)扣減。
Article 190 If the party salved has neither made the payment nor provided satisfactory security for the ship and other property salved after 90 days of the salvage, the salvor may apply to the court for an order on forced sale by auction. With respect to the ship or the property salved that cannot be kept or cannot be properly kept, or the storage charge to be incurred may exceed its value, the salvor may apply for an earlier forced sale by auction.
第一百九十條 對(duì)于獲救滿九十日的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)，如果被救助方不支付救助款項(xiàng)也不提供滿意的擔(dān)保，救助方可以申請(qǐng)法院裁定強(qiáng)制拍賣(mài)；對(duì)于無(wú)法保管、不易保管或者保管費(fèi)用可能超過(guò)其價(jià)值的獲救的船舶和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)，可以申請(qǐng)?zhí)崆芭馁u(mài)。
The proceeds of the sale shall, after deduction of the expenses incurred for the storage and sale, be used for the payment in accordance with the provisions of this Law. The remainder, if any, shall be returned to the party salved, and, if there is no way to return the remainder or if the remainder has not been claimed after one year of the forced sale, it shall go to the State treasury. In case of any deficiency, the salvor has the right of recourse against the party salved.
拍賣(mài)所得價(jià)款，在扣除保管和拍賣(mài)過(guò)程中的一切費(fèi)用后，依照本法規(guī)定支付救助款項(xiàng)；剩余的金額，退還被救助方；無(wú)法退還、自拍賣(mài)之日起滿一年又無(wú)人認(rèn)領(lǐng)的，上繳國(guó)庫(kù)；不足的金額，救助方有權(quán)向被救助方追償。
Article 191 The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to the salvor's right to the payment for the salvage operations carried out between the ships of the same owner.
第一百九十一條 同一船舶所有人的船舶之間進(jìn)行的救助，救助方獲得救助款項(xiàng)的權(quán)利適用本章規(guī)定。
Article 192 With respect to the salvage operations performed or controlled by the relevant competent authorities of the State, the salvors shall be entitled to avail themselves of the rights and remedies provided for in this Chapter in respect of salvage operations.
第一百九十二條 國(guó)家有關(guān)主管機(jī)關(guān)從事或者控制的救助作業(yè)，救助方有權(quán)享受本章規(guī)定的關(guān)于救助作業(yè)的權(quán)利和補(bǔ)償。
Chapter X General Average
第十章 共同海損
Article 193 General average means the extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the ship, goods or other property involved in a common maritime adventure.
第一百九十三條 共同海損，是指在同一海上航程中，船舶、貨物和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)遭遇共同危險(xiǎn)，為了共同安全，有意地合理地采取措施所直接造成的特殊犧牲、支付的特殊費(fèi)用。
Loss or damage sustained by the ship or goods through delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, such as demurrage and loss of market as well as other indirect losses, shall not be admitted as general average.
無(wú)論在航程中或者在航程結(jié)束后發(fā)生的船舶或者貨物因遲延所造成的損失，包括船期損失和行市損失以及其他間接損失，均不得列入共同海損。
Article 194 When a ship, after having been damaged in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances, shall have entered a port or place of refuge or returned to its port or place of loading to effect repairs which are necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, then the port charges paid, the wages and maintenance of the crew incurred and the fuel and stores consumed during the extra period of detention in such port or place, as well as the loss or damage and charges arising from the discharge, storage, reloading and handling of the goods, fuel, stores and other property on board in order to have the repairs done shall be allowed as general average.
第一百九十四條 船舶因發(fā)生意外、犧牲或者其他特殊情況而損壞時(shí)，為了安全完成本航程，駛?cè)氡茈y港口、避難地點(diǎn)或者駛回裝貨港口、裝貨地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行必要的修理，在該港口或者地點(diǎn)額外停留期間所支付的港口費(fèi)，船員工資、給養(yǎng)，船舶所消耗的燃料、物料，為修理而卸載、儲(chǔ)存、重裝或者搬移船上貨物、燃料、物料以及其他財(cái)產(chǎn)所造成的損失、支付的費(fèi)用，應(yīng)當(dāng)列入共同海損。
Article 195 Any extra expense incurred in place of another expense which would have been allowed as general average shall be deemed to be general average and so allowed, but the amount of such expense incurred shall not be in excess of the general average expense avoided.
第一百九十五條 為代替可以列為共同海損的特殊費(fèi)用而支付的額外費(fèi)用，可以作為代替費(fèi)用列入共同海損；但是，列入共同海損的代替費(fèi)用的金額，不得超過(guò)被代替的共同海損的特殊費(fèi)用。
Article 196 The onus of proof shall be upon the party claiming in general average to show that the loss or expense claimed is properly allowable as general average.
第一百九十六條 提出共同海損分?jǐn)傉?qǐng)求的一方應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)舉證責(zé)任，證明其損失應(yīng)當(dāng)列入共同海損。
Article 197 Rights to contribution in general average shall not be affected, though the event which gave rise to the sacrifice or expenditure may have been due to the fault of one of the parties to the adventure. However, this shall not prejudice any remedies or defences which may be open against or to that party in respect of such fault.
第一百九十七條 引起共同海損特殊犧牲、特殊費(fèi)用的事故，可能是由航程中一方的過(guò)失造成的，不影響該方要求分?jǐn)偣餐p的權(quán)利；但是，非過(guò)失方或者過(guò)失方可以就此項(xiàng)過(guò)失提出賠償請(qǐng)求或者進(jìn)行抗辯。
Article 198 The amounts of sacrifice of the ship, the goods and the freight shall be respectively determined as follows:
第一百九十八條 船舶、貨物和運(yùn)費(fèi)的共同海損犧牲的金額，依照下列規(guī)定確定：
(1) The amount of sacrifice of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the repair cost of the ship actually paid, from which any reasonable deduction in respect of "new for old" being made. Where the ship has not been repaired after the sacrifice, the amount of sacrifice thereof shall be calculated on the basis of the reasonable reduced value of ship after the general average sacrifice. Such amount shall not exceed the estimated cost of repair.
（一）船舶共同海損犧牲的金額，按照實(shí)際支付的修理費(fèi)，減除合理的以新?lián)Q舊的扣減額計(jì)算。船舶尚未修理的，按照犧牲造成的合理貶值計(jì)算，但是不得超過(guò)估計(jì)的修理費(fèi)。
Where the ship is an actual total loss or where the cost of repair would exceed the value of the ship after the repair, the amount of sacrifice of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the estimated sound value of the ship, less the estimated cost of repair not allowable as general average, as well as the value of the ship after the damage.
船舶發(fā)生實(shí)際全損或者修理費(fèi)用超過(guò)修復(fù)后的船舶價(jià)值的，共同海損犧牲金額按照該船舶在完好狀態(tài)下的估計(jì)價(jià)值，減除不屬于共同海損損壞的估計(jì)的修理費(fèi)和該船舶受損后的價(jià)值的余額計(jì)算。
(2) The amount of sacrifice of the goods already lost shall be calculated on the basis of the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, from which the freight that need not be paid due to the sacrifice made being deducted. For the damaged goods that had already been sold before an agreement was reached on the extent of the damage sustained, the amount of sacrifice thereof shall be calculated on the basis of the difference between the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, and the net proceeds of the goods so sold.
（二）貨物共同海損犧牲的金額，貨物滅失的，按照貨物在裝船時(shí)的價(jià)值加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)，減除由于犧牲無(wú)需支付的運(yùn)費(fèi)計(jì)算。貨物損壞，在就損壞程度達(dá)成協(xié)議前售出的，按照貨物在裝船時(shí)的價(jià)值加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)，與出售貨物凈得的差額計(jì)算。
(3) The amount of sacrifice of the freight shall be calculated on the basis of the amount of loss of freight on account of the sacrifice of the goods, from which the operating expenses that ought to be paid in order to earn such freight but need not be paid because of the sacrifice shall be deducted.
（三）運(yùn)費(fèi)共同海損犧牲的金額，按照貨物遭受犧牲造成的運(yùn)費(fèi)的損失金額，減除為取得這筆運(yùn)費(fèi)本應(yīng)支付，但是由于犧牲無(wú)需支付的營(yíng)運(yùn)費(fèi)用計(jì)算。
Article 199 The contribution in general average shall be made in proportion to the contributory values of the respective beneficiaries.
第一百九十九條 共同海損應(yīng)當(dāng)由受益方按照各自的分?jǐn)們r(jià)值的比例分?jǐn)偂?/span>
The contributory value in general average by the ship, goods and freight shall be determined as follows:
船舶、貨物和運(yùn)費(fèi)的共同海損分?jǐn)們r(jià)值，分別依照下列規(guī)定確定：
(1) The contributory value of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the sound value of the ship at the place where the voyage ends, from which any damage that does not come under general average sacrifice being deducted; alternately, the actual value of the ship at the place where the voyage ends, plus the amount of general average sacrifice.
（一）船舶共同海損分?jǐn)們r(jià)值，按照船舶在航程終止時(shí)的完好價(jià)值，減除不屬于共同海損的損失金額計(jì)算，或者按照船舶在航程終止時(shí)的實(shí)際價(jià)值，加上共同海損犧牲的金額計(jì)算。
(2) The contributory value of the goods shall be calculated on the basis of the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, from which the damage that does not come under the general average sacrifice and the carrier's freight at risk being deducted. Where the goods had been sold before its arrival at the port of destination, its value for contribution shall be the net proceeds plus the amount of general average sacrifice.
（二）貨物共同海損分?jǐn)們r(jià)值，按照貨物在裝船時(shí)的價(jià)值加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)，減除不屬于共同海損的損失金額和承運(yùn)人承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)費(fèi)計(jì)算。貨物在抵達(dá)目的港以前售出的，按照出售凈得金額，加上共同海損犧牲的金額計(jì)算。
Passenger's luggage and personal belongings shall not be included in the value for contribution.
旅客的行李和私人物品，不分?jǐn)偣餐p。
(3) The Contributory value of freight shall be calculated on the basis of the amount of freight at the risk of the carrier and which the carrier is entitled to collect at the end of the voyage, less any expense incurred for the prosecution of the voyage after the general average, in order to earn the freight, plus the amount of general average sacrifice.
（三）運(yùn)費(fèi)分?jǐn)們r(jià)值，按照承運(yùn)人承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并于航程終止時(shí)有權(quán)收取的運(yùn)費(fèi)，減除為取得該項(xiàng)運(yùn)費(fèi)而在共同海損事故發(fā)生后，為完成本航程所支付的營(yíng)運(yùn)費(fèi)用，如上共同海損犧牲的金額計(jì)算。
Article 200 Goods undeclared or wrongfully declared shall be liable for the contribution to general average, but the special sacrifice sustained by such goods shall not be allowed as general average.
第二百條 未申報(bào)的貨物或者謊報(bào)的貨物，應(yīng)當(dāng)參加共同海損分?jǐn)?；其遭受的特殊犧牲，不得列入共同海損。
Where the value of the goods has been improperly declared at a value below its actual value, the contribution to general average shall be made on the basis of their actual value and, where a general average sacrifice has occurred, the amount of sacrifice shall be calculated on the basis of the declared value.
不正當(dāng)?shù)匾缘陀谪浳飳?shí)際價(jià)值作為申報(bào)價(jià)值的，按照實(shí)際價(jià)值分?jǐn)偣餐p；在發(fā)生共同海損犧牲時(shí)，按照申報(bào)價(jià)值計(jì)算犧牲金額。
Article 201 Interest shall be allowed on general average sacrifice and general average expenses paid on account. A commission shall be allowed for the general average expenses paid on account, except those for the wages and maintenance of the crew and fuel and store consumed.
第二百零一條 對(duì)共同海損特殊犧牲和墊付的共同海損特殊費(fèi)用，應(yīng)當(dāng)計(jì)算利息。對(duì)墊付的共同海損特殊費(fèi)用，除船員工資、給養(yǎng)和船舶消耗的燃料、物料外，應(yīng)當(dāng)計(jì)算手續(xù)費(fèi)。
Article 202 The contributing parties shall provide security for general average contribution at the request of the parties that have an interest therein.
第二百零二條 經(jīng)利益關(guān)系人要求，各分?jǐn)偡綉?yīng)當(dāng)提供共同海損擔(dān)保。
Where the security has been provided in the form of cash deposits, such deposits shall be put in a bank by an average adjuster in the name of a trustee.
以提供保證金方式進(jìn)行共同海損擔(dān)保的，保證金應(yīng)當(dāng)交由海損理算師以保管人名義存入銀行。
The provision, use and refund of the deposits shall be without prejudice to the ultimate liability of the contributing parties.
保證金的提供、使用或者退還，不影響各方最終的分?jǐn)傌?zé)任。
Article 203 The adjustment of general average shall be governed by the average adjustment rules agreed upon in the relevant contract. In the absence of such an agreement in the contract, the relevant provisions contained in this Chapter shall apply.
第二百零三條 共同海損理算，適用合同約定的理算規(guī)則；合同未約定的，適用本章的規(guī)定。
Chapter XI Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims
第十一章 海事賠償責(zé)任限制
Article 204 Shipowners and salvors may limit their liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter for claims set out in Article 207 of this Law.
第二百零四條 船舶所有人、救助人，對(duì)本法第二百零七條所列海事賠償請(qǐng)求，可以依照本章規(guī)定限制賠償責(zé)任。
The shipowners referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include the charterer and the operator of a ship.
前款所稱(chēng)的船舶所有人，包括船舶承租人和船舶經(jīng)營(yíng)人。
Article 205 If the claims set out in Article 207 of this Law are not made against shipowners or salvors themselves but against persons for whose act, neglect or default the shipowners or salvors are responsible, such persons may limit their liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.
第二百零五條 本法第二百零七條所列海事賠償請(qǐng)求，不是向船舶所有人、救助人本人提出，而是向他們對(duì)其行為、過(guò)失負(fù)有責(zé)任的人員提出的，這些人員可以依照本章規(guī)定限制賠償責(zé)任。
Article 206 Where the assured may limit his liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter, the insurer liable for the maritime claims shall be entitled to the limitation of liability under this Chapter to the same extent as the assured.
第二百零六條 被保險(xiǎn)人依照本章規(guī)定可以限制賠償責(zé)任的，對(duì)該海事賠償請(qǐng)求承擔(dān)責(zé)任的保險(xiǎn)人，有權(quán)依照本章規(guī)定享受相同的賠償責(zé)任限制。
Article 207 Except as provided otherwise in Articles 208 and 209 of this Law, with respect to the following maritime claims, the person liable may limit his liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter, whatever the basis of liability may be:
第二百零七條 下列海事賠償請(qǐng)求，除本法第二百零八條和第二百零九條另有規(guī)定外，無(wú)論賠償責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)有何不同，責(zé)任人均可以依照本章規(guī)定限制賠償責(zé)任：
(1) Claims in respect of loss of life or personal injury or loss of or damage to property including damage to harbour works, basins and waterways and aids to navigation occurring on board or in direct connection with the operation of the ship or with salvage operations, as well as consequential damages resulting therefrom;
（一）在船上發(fā)生的或者與船舶營(yíng)運(yùn)、救助作業(yè)直接相關(guān)的人身傷亡或者財(cái)產(chǎn)的滅失、損壞，包括對(duì)港口工程、港池、航道和助航設(shè)施造成的損壞，以及由此引起的相應(yīng)損失的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(2) Claims in respect of loss resulting from delay in delivery in the carriage of goods by sea or from delay in the arrival of passengers or their luggage;
（二）海上貨物運(yùn)輸因遲延交付或者旅客及其行李運(yùn)輸因遲延到達(dá)造成損失的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(3) Claims in respect of other loss resulting from infringement of rights other than contractual rights occurring in direct connection with the operation of the ship or salvage operations;
（三）與船舶營(yíng)運(yùn)或者救助作業(yè)直接相關(guān)的，侵犯非合同權(quán)利的行為造成其他損失的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(4) Claims of a person other than the person liable in respect of measures taken to avert or minimize loss for which the person liable may limit his liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter, and further loss caused by such measures.
（四）責(zé)任人以外的其他人，為避免或者減少責(zé)任人依照本章規(guī)定可以限制賠償責(zé)任的損失而采取措施的賠償請(qǐng)求，以及因此項(xiàng)措施造成進(jìn)一步損失的賠償請(qǐng)求。
All the claims set out in the preceding paragraph, whatever the way they are lodged, may be entitled to limitation of liability. However, with respect to the remuneration set out in sub-paragraph (4) for which the person liable pays as agreed upon in the contract, in relation to the obligation for payment, the person liable may not invoke the provisions on limitation of liability of this Article.
前款所列賠償請(qǐng)求，無(wú)論提出的方式有何不同，均可以限制賠償責(zé)任。但是，第（四）項(xiàng)涉及責(zé)任人以合同約定支付的報(bào)酬，責(zé)任人的支付責(zé)任不得援用本條賠償責(zé)任限制的規(guī)定。
Article 208 The provisions of this Chapter shall not be applicable to the following claims:
第二百零八條 本章規(guī)定不適用于下列各項(xiàng)：
(1) Claims for salvage payment or contribution in general average;
（一）對(duì)救助款項(xiàng)或者共同海損分?jǐn)偟恼?qǐng)求；
(2) Claims for oil pollution damage under the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage to which the People's Republic of China is a party;
（二）中華人民共和國(guó)參加的國(guó)際油污損害民事責(zé)任公約規(guī)定的油污損害的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(3) Claims for nuclear damage under the International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Nuclear Damage to which the People's Republic of China is a party;
（三）中華人民共和國(guó)參加的國(guó)際核能損害責(zé)任限制公約規(guī)定的核能損害的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(4) Claims against the shipowner of a nuclear ship for nuclear damage;
（四）核動(dòng)力船舶造成的核能損害的賠償請(qǐng)求；
(5) Claims by the servants of the shipowner or salvor, if under the law governing the contract of employment, the shipowner or salvor is not entitled to limit his liability or if he is by such law only permitted to limit his liability to an amount greater than that provided for in this Chapter.
（五）船舶所有人或者救助人的受雇人提出的賠償請(qǐng)求，根據(jù)調(diào)整勞務(wù)合同的法律，船舶所有人或者救助人對(duì)該類(lèi)賠償請(qǐng)求無(wú)權(quán)限制賠償責(zé)任，或者該項(xiàng)法律作了高于本章規(guī)定的賠償限額的規(guī)定。
Article 209 A person liable shall not be entitled to limit his liability in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter, if it is proved that the loss resulted from his act or omission done with the intent to cause such loss or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss would probably result.
第二百零九條 經(jīng)證明，引起賠償請(qǐng)求的損失是由于責(zé)任人的故意或者明知可能造成損失而輕率地作為或者不作為造成的，責(zé)任人無(wú)權(quán)依照本章規(guī)定限制賠償責(zé)任。
Article 210 The limitation of liability for maritime claims, except as otherwise provided for in Article 211 of this Law, shall be calculated as follows:
第二百一十條 除本法第二百一十一條另有規(guī)定外，海事賠償責(zé)任限制，依照下列規(guī)定計(jì)算賠償限額：
(1) In respect of claims for loss of life or personal injury:
（一）關(guān)于人身傷亡的賠償請(qǐng)求
a) 333,000 Units of Account for a ship with a gross tonnage ranging from 300 to 500 tons;
１．總噸位300噸至500噸的船舶，賠償限額為333000計(jì)算單位；
b) For a ship with a gross tonnage in excess of 500 tons, the limitation under a) above shall be applicable to the first 500 tons and the following amounts in addition to that set out under a) shall be applicable to the gross tonnage in excess of 500 tons:
２．總噸位超過(guò)500噸的船舶，500噸以下部分適用本項(xiàng)第１目的規(guī)定，５００噸以上的部分，應(yīng)當(dāng)增加下列數(shù)額：
For each ton from 501 to 3,000 tons: 500 Units of Account;
500噸至3,000噸的部分，每噸增加500計(jì)算單位；
For each ton from 3,001 to 30,000 tons: 333 Units of Account;
3,001噸至30,000噸的部分，每噸增加333計(jì)算單位；
For each ton from 30,001 to 70,000 tons: 250 Units of Account;
30,001噸至70,000噸的部分，每噸增加250計(jì)算單位；
For each ton in excess of 70,000 tons: 167 Units of Account;
超過(guò)70,000噸的部分，每噸增加167計(jì)算單位。
(2) In respect of claims other than that for loss of life or personal injury:
（二）關(guān)于非人身傷亡的賠償請(qǐng)求
a) 167,000 Units of Account for a ship with a gross tonnage ranging from 300 to 500 tons;
１．總噸位300噸至500噸的船舶，賠償限額為167,000計(jì)算單位；
b) For a ship with a gross tonnage in excess of 500 tons, the limitation under a) above shall be applicable to the first 500 tons, and the following amounts in addition to that under a) shall be applicable to the part in excess of 500 tons:
２．總噸位超過(guò)500噸的船舶，500噸以下部分適用本項(xiàng)第１目的規(guī)定，500噸以上的部分，應(yīng)當(dāng)增加下列數(shù)額：
For each ton from 501 to 30,000 tons: 167 Units of Account;
501噸至30,000噸的部分，每噸增加167計(jì)算單位；
For each ton from 30,001 to 70,000 tons: 125 Units of Account;
30,001 噸至70,000噸的部分，每噸增加125計(jì)算單位；
For each ton in excess of 70,000 tons: 83 Units of Account.
超過(guò)70,000噸的部分，每噸增加83計(jì)算單位。
(3) Where the amount calculated in accordance with sub-paragraph (1) above is insufficient for payment of claims for loss of life or personal injury set out therein in full, the amount calculated in accordance with sub-paragraph (2) shall be available for payment of the unpaid balance of claims under sub-paragraph (1), and such unpaid balance shall rank rateably with claims set out under sub-paragraph (2).
（三）依照第（一）項(xiàng)規(guī)定的限額，不足以支付全部人身傷亡的賠償請(qǐng)求的，其差額應(yīng)當(dāng)與非人身傷亡的賠償請(qǐng)求并列，從第（二）項(xiàng)數(shù)額中按照比例受償。
(4) However, without prejudice to the right of claims for loss of life or personal injury under sub-paragraph (3), claims in respect of damage to harbour works, basins and waterways and aids to navigation shall have priority over other claims under sub-paragraph (2).
（四）在不影響第（三）項(xiàng)關(guān)于人身傷亡賠償請(qǐng)求的情況下，就港口工程、港池、航道和助航設(shè)施的損害提出的賠償請(qǐng)求，應(yīng)當(dāng)較第（二）項(xiàng)中的其他賠償請(qǐng)求優(yōu)先受償。
(5) The limitation of liability for any salvor not operating from any ship or for any salvor operating solely on the ship to, or in respect of which, he is rendering salvage services, shall be calculated according to a gross tonnage of 1,500 tons.
（五）不以船舶進(jìn)行救助作業(yè)或者在被救船舶上進(jìn)行救助作業(yè)的救助人，其責(zé)任限額按照總噸位為1,500 t噸的船舶計(jì)算。
The limitation of liability for ships with a gross tonnage not exceeding 300 tons and those engaging in transport services between the ports of the People's Republic of China as well as those for other coastal works shall be worked out by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council and implemented after its being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
總噸位不滿300噸的船舶，從事中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間的運(yùn)輸?shù)拇?，以及從事沿海作業(yè)的船舶，其賠償限額由國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)制定，報(bào)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)后施行。
Article 211 In respect of claims for loss of life or personal injury to passengers carried by sea, the limitation of liability of the shipowner thereof shall be an amount of 46,666 Units of Account multiplied by the number of passengers which the ship is authorized to carry according to the ship's relevant certificate, but the maximum amount of compensation shall not exceed 25,000,000 Units of Account.
第二百一十一條 海上旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)穆每腿松韨鲑r償責(zé)任限制，按照46,666計(jì)算單位乘以船舶證書(shū)規(guī)定的載客定額計(jì)算賠償限額，但是最高不超過(guò)25,000,000計(jì)算單位。
The limitation of liability for claims for loss of life or personal injury to passengers carried by sea between the ports of the People's Republic of China shall be worked out by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council and implemented after its being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
中華人民共和國(guó)港口之間海上旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)穆每腿松韨?，賠償限額由國(guó)務(wù)院交通主管部門(mén)制定，報(bào)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)后施行。
Article 212 The limitation of liability under Articles 210 and 211 of this Law shall apply to the aggregate of all claims that may arise on any given occasion against shipowners and salvors themselves, and any person for whose act, neglect or fault the shipowners and the salvors are responsible.
第二百一十二條 本法第二百一十條和第二百一十一條規(guī)定的賠償限額，適用于特定場(chǎng)合發(fā)生的事故引起的，向船舶所有人、救助人本人和他們對(duì)其行為、過(guò)失負(fù)有責(zé)任的人員提出的請(qǐng)求的總額。
Article 213 Any person liable claiming the limitation of liability under this Law may constitute a limitation fund with a court having jurisdiction. The fund shall be constituted in the sum of such an amount set out respectively in Articles 210 and 211, together with the interest thereon from the date of the occurrence giving rise to the liability until the date of the constitution of the fund.
第二百一十三條 責(zé)任人要求依照本法規(guī)定限制賠償責(zé)任的，可以在有管轄權(quán)的法院設(shè)立責(zé)任限制基金。基金數(shù)額分別為本法第二百一十條、第二百一十一條規(guī)定的限額，加上自責(zé)任產(chǎn)生之日起至基金設(shè)立之日止的相應(yīng)利息。
Article 214 Where a limitation fund has been constituted by a person liable, any person having made a claim against the person liable may not exercise any right against any assets of the person liable. Where any ship or other property belonging to the person constituting the fund has been arrested or attached, or, where a security has been provided by such person, the court shall order without delay the release of the ship arrested or the property attached or the return of the security provided.
第二百一十四條 責(zé)任人設(shè)立責(zé)任限制基金后，向責(zé)任人提出請(qǐng)求的任何人，不得對(duì)責(zé)任人的任何財(cái)產(chǎn)行使任何權(quán)利；已設(shè)立責(zé)任限制基金的責(zé)任人的船舶或者其他財(cái)產(chǎn)已經(jīng)被扣押，或者基金設(shè)立人已經(jīng)提交抵押物的，法院應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)下令釋放或者責(zé)令退還。
Article 215 Where a person entitled to limitation of liability under the provisions of this Chapter has a counter-claim against the claimant arising out of the same occurrence, their respective claims shall be set off against each other and the provisions of this Chapter shall only apply to the balance, if any.
第二百一十五條 享受本章規(guī)定的責(zé)任限制的人，就同一事故向請(qǐng)求人提出反請(qǐng)求的，雙方的請(qǐng)求金額應(yīng)當(dāng)相互抵消，本章規(guī)定的賠償限額僅適用于兩個(gè)請(qǐng)求金額之間的差額。
Chapter XII Contract of Marine Insurance
第十二章 海上保險(xiǎn)合同
Section 1 Basic Principles
第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定
Article 216 A contract of marine insurance is a contract whereby the insurer undertakes, as agreed, to indemnify the loss to the subject matter insured and the liability of the insured caused by perils covered by the insurance against the payment of an insurance premium by the insured.
第二百一十六條 海上保險(xiǎn)合同，是指保險(xiǎn)人按照約定，對(duì)被保險(xiǎn)人遭受保險(xiǎn)事故造成保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的損失和產(chǎn)生的責(zé)任負(fù)責(zé)賠償，而由被保險(xiǎn)人支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的合同。
The covered perils referred to in the preceding paragraph mean any maritime perils agreed upon between the insurer and the insured, including perils occurring in inland rivers or on land which is related to a maritime adventure.
前款所稱(chēng)保險(xiǎn)事故，是指保險(xiǎn)人與被保險(xiǎn)人約定的任何海上事故，包括與海上航行有關(guān)的發(fā)生于內(nèi)河或者陸上的事故。
Article 217 A contract of marine insurance mainly includes:
第二百一十七條 海上保險(xiǎn)合同的內(nèi)容，主要包括下列各項(xiàng)：
(1) Name of the insurer;
（一）保險(xiǎn)人名稱(chēng)；
(2) Name of the insured;
（二）被保險(xiǎn)人名稱(chēng)；
(3) Subject matter insured;
（三）保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的；
(4) Insured value;
（四）保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值；
(5) Insured amount;
（五）保險(xiǎn)金額；
(6) Perils insured against and perils excepted;
（六）保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任和除外責(zé)任；
(7) Duration of insurance coverage;
（七）保險(xiǎn)期間；
(8) Insurance premium.
（八）保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。
Article 218 The following items may come under the subject matter of marine insurance:
第二百一十八條 下列各項(xiàng)可以作為保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的：
(1)Ship;
（一）船舶；
(2) Cargo;
（二）貨物；
(3) Income from the operation of the ship including freight, charter hire and passenger's fare;
（三）船舶營(yíng)運(yùn)收入，包括運(yùn)費(fèi)、租金、旅客票款；
(4) Expected profit on cargo;
（四）貨物預(yù)期利潤(rùn)；
(5) Crew's wages and other remuneration;
（五）船員工資和其他報(bào)酬；
(6) Liabilities to a third person;
（六）對(duì)第三人的責(zé)任；
(7) Other property which may sustain loss from a maritime peril and the liability and expenses arising therefrom.
（七）由于發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故可能受到損失的其他財(cái)產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)生的責(zé)任、費(fèi)用。
The insurer may reinsure the insurance of the subject matter enumerated in the preceding paragraph. Unless otherwise agreed in the contract, the original insured shall not be entitled to the benefit of the reinsurance.
保險(xiǎn)人可以將對(duì)前款保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行再保險(xiǎn)。除合同另有約定外，原被保險(xiǎn)人不得享有再保險(xiǎn)的利益。
Article 219 The insurable value of the subject matter insured shall be agreed upon between the insurer and the insured.
第二百一十九條 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值由保險(xiǎn)人與被保險(xiǎn)人約定。
Where no insurable value has been agreed upon between the insurer and the insured, the insurable value shall be calculated as follows:
保險(xiǎn)人與被保險(xiǎn)人未約定保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值依照下列規(guī)定計(jì)算：
(1) The insurable value of the ship shall be the value of the ship at the time when the insurance liability commences, being the total value of the ship's hull, machinery, equipment, fuel, stores, gear, provisions and fresh water on board as well as the insurance premium;
（一）船舶的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，是保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始時(shí)船舶的價(jià)值，包括船殼、機(jī)器、設(shè)備的價(jià)值，以及船上燃料、物料、索具、給養(yǎng)、淡水的價(jià)值和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的總和；
(2) The insurable value of the cargo shall be the aggregate of the invoice value of the cargo or the actual value of the non-trade commodity at the place of shipment, plus freight and insurance premium when the insurance liability commences;
（二）貨物的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，是保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始時(shí)貨物在起運(yùn)地的發(fā)票價(jià)格或者非貿(mào)易商品在起運(yùn)地的實(shí)際價(jià)值以及運(yùn)費(fèi)和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的總和；
(3) The insurable value of the freight shall be the aggregate of the total amount of freight payable to the carrier and the insurance premium when the insurance liability commences;
（三）運(yùn)費(fèi)的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，是保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始時(shí)承運(yùn)人應(yīng)收運(yùn)費(fèi)總額和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的總和；
(4) The insurable value of other subject matter insured shall be the aggregate of the actual value of the subject matter insured and the insurance premium when the insurance liability commences.
（四）其他保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，是保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始時(shí)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的實(shí)際價(jià)值和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的總和。
Article 220 The insured amount shall be agreed upon between the insurer and the insured. The insured amount shall not exceed the insured value. Where the insured amount exceeds the insured value, the portion in excess shall be null and void.
第二百二十條 保險(xiǎn)金額由保險(xiǎn)人與被保險(xiǎn)人約定。保險(xiǎn)金額不得超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值；超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，超過(guò)部分無(wú)效。
Section 2 Conclusion, Termination and Assignment of Contract
第二節(jié) 合同的訂立、解除和轉(zhuǎn)讓
Article 221 A contract of marine insurance comes into being after the insured puts forth a proposal for insurance and the insurer agrees to accept the proposal and the insurer and the insured agree on the terms and conditions of the insurance. The insurer shall issue to the insured an insurance policy or other certificate of insurance in time, and the contents of the contract shall be contained therein.
第二百二十一條 被保險(xiǎn)人提出保險(xiǎn)要求，經(jīng)保險(xiǎn)人同意承保，并就海上保險(xiǎn)合同的條款達(dá)成協(xié)議后，合同成立。保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)向被保險(xiǎn)人簽發(fā)保險(xiǎn)單或者其他保險(xiǎn)單證，并在保險(xiǎn)單或者其他保險(xiǎn)單證中載明當(dāng)事人雙方約定的合同內(nèi)容。
Article 222 Before the contract is concluded, the insured shall truthfully inform the insurer of the material circumstances which the insured has knowledge of or ought to have knowledge of in his ordinary business practice and which may have a bearing on the insurer in deciding the premium or whether be agrees to insure or not.
第二百二十二條 合同訂立前，被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)將其知道的或者在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)知道的有關(guān)影響保險(xiǎn)人據(jù)以確定保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率或者確定是否同意承保的重要情況，如實(shí)告知保險(xiǎn)人。
The insured need not inform the insurer of the facts which the insurer has known of or the insurer ought to have knowledge of in his ordinary business practice if about which the insurer made no inquiry.
保險(xiǎn)人知道或者在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)知道的情況，保險(xiǎn)人沒(méi)有詢(xún)問(wèn)的，被保險(xiǎn)人無(wú)需告知。
Article 223 Upon failure of the insured to truthfully inform the insurer of the material circumstances set forth in paragraph 1 of Article 222 of this Law due to his intentional act, the insurer has the right to terminate the contract without refunding the premium. The insurer shall not be liable for any loss arising from the perils insured against before the contract is terminated.
第二百二十三條 由于被保險(xiǎn)人的故意，未將本法第二百二十二條第一款規(guī)定的重要情況如實(shí)告知保險(xiǎn)人的，保險(xiǎn)人有權(quán)解除合同，并不退還保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。合同解除前發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故造成損失的，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
If, not due to the insured's intentional act, the insured did not truthfully inform the insurer of the material circumstances set out in paragraph 1 of Article 222 of this Law, the insurer has the right to terminate the contract or to demand a corresponding increase in the premium. In case the contract is terminated by the insurer, the insurer shall be liable for the loss arising from the perils insured against which occurred prior to the termination of the contract, except where the material circumstances uninformed or wrongly informed of have an impact on the occurrence of such perils.
不是由于被保險(xiǎn)人的故意，未將本法第二百二十二條第一款規(guī)定的重要情況如實(shí)告知保險(xiǎn)人的，保險(xiǎn)人有權(quán)解除合同或者要求相應(yīng)增加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。保險(xiǎn)人解除合同的，對(duì)于合同解除前發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故造成的損失，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)賠償責(zé)任；但是，未告知或者錯(cuò)誤告知的重要情況對(duì)保險(xiǎn)事故的發(fā)生有影響的除外。
Article 224 Where the insured was aware or ought to be aware that the subject matter insured had suffered a loss due to the incidence of a peril insured against when the contract was concluded, the insurer shall not be liable for indemnification but shall have the right to the premium. Where the insurer was aware or ought to be aware that the occurrence of a loss to the subject matter insured due to a peril insured against was impossible, the insured shall have the right to recover the premium paid.
第二百二十四條 訂立合同時(shí)，被保險(xiǎn)人已經(jīng)知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的已經(jīng)因發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故而遭受損失的，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任，但是有權(quán)收取保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)；保險(xiǎn)人已經(jīng)知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的已經(jīng)不可能因發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故而遭受損失的，被保險(xiǎn)人有權(quán)收回已經(jīng)支付的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。
Article 225 Where the insured concludes contracts with several insurers for the same subject matter insured and against the same risk, and the insured amount of the said subject matter insured thereby exceeds the insured value, then, unless otherwise agreed in the contract, the insured may demand indemnification from any of the insurers and the aggregate amount to be indemnified shall not exceed the loss value of the subject matter insured. The liability of each insurer shall be in proportion to that which the amount he insured bears to the total of the amounts insured by all insurers. Any insurer who has paid an indemnification in an amount greater than that for which he is liable, shall have the right of recourse against those who have not paid their indemnification in the amounts for which they are liable.
第二百二十五條 被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)同一保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的就同一保險(xiǎn)事故向幾個(gè)保險(xiǎn)人重復(fù)訂立合同，而使該保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的保險(xiǎn)金額總和超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的價(jià)值的，除合同另有約定外，被保險(xiǎn)人可以向任何保險(xiǎn)人提出賠償請(qǐng)求。被保險(xiǎn)人獲得的賠償金額總和不得超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的受損價(jià)值。各保險(xiǎn)人按照其承保的保險(xiǎn)金額同保險(xiǎn)金額總和的比例承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。任何一個(gè)保險(xiǎn)人支付的賠償金額超過(guò)其應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的賠償責(zé)任的，有權(quán)向未按照其應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的賠償責(zé)任支付賠償金額的保險(xiǎn)人追償。
Article 226 Prior to the commencement of the insurance liability, the insured may demand the termination of the insurance contract but shall pay the handling fees to the insurer, and the insurer shall refund the premium.
第二百二十六條 保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始前，被保險(xiǎn)人可以要求解除合同，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)向保險(xiǎn)人支付手續(xù)費(fèi)，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)退還保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。
Article 227 Unless otherwise agreed in the contract, neither the insurer nor the insured may terminate the contract after the commencement of the insurance liability.
第二百二十七條 除合同另有約定外，保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始后，被保險(xiǎn)人和保險(xiǎn)人均不得解除合同。
Where the insurance contract provides that the contract may be terminated after the commencement of the liability, and the insured demands the termination of the contract, the insurer shall have the right to the premium payable from the day of the commencement of the insurance liability to the day of termination of the contract and refund the remaining portion. If it is the insurer who demands the termination of the contract, the unexpired premium from the day of the termination of the contract to the day of the expiration of the period of insurance shall be refunded to the insured.
根據(jù)合同約定在保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始后可以解除合同的，被保險(xiǎn)人要求解除合同，保險(xiǎn)人有權(quán)收取自保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始之日起至合同解除之日止的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)，剩余部分予以退還；保險(xiǎn)人要求解除合同，應(yīng)當(dāng)將自合同解除之日起至保險(xiǎn)期間屆滿之日止的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)退還被保險(xiǎn)人。
Article 228 Notwithstanding the stipulations in Article 227 of this Law, the insured may not demand termination of the contract for cargo insurance and voyage insurance on ship after the commencement of the insurance liability.
第二百二十八條 雖有本法第二百二十七條規(guī)定，貨物運(yùn)輸和船舶的航次保險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任開(kāi)始后，被保險(xiǎn)人不得要求解除合同。
Article 229 A contract of marine insurance for the carriage of goods by sea may be assigned by the insured by endorsement or otherwise, and the rights and obligations under the contract are assigned accordingly. The insured and the assignee shall be jointly and severally liable for the payment of the premium if such premium remains unpaid up to the time of the assignment of the contract.
第二百二十九條 海上貨物運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)合同可以由被保險(xiǎn)人背書(shū)或者以其他方式轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)贤臋?quán)利、義務(wù)隨之轉(zhuǎn)移。合同轉(zhuǎn)讓時(shí)尚未支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的，被保險(xiǎn)人和合同受讓人負(fù)連帶支付責(zé)任。
Article 230 The consent of the insurer shall be obtained where the insurance contract is assigned in consequence of the transfer of the ownership of the ship insured. In the absence of such consent, the contract shall be terminated from the time of the transfer of the ownership of the ship. Where the transfer takes place during the voyage, the contract shall be terminated when the voyage ends.
第二百三十條 因船舶轉(zhuǎn)讓而轉(zhuǎn)讓船舶保險(xiǎn)合同的，應(yīng)當(dāng)取得保險(xiǎn)人同意。未經(jīng)保險(xiǎn)人同意，船舶保險(xiǎn)合同從船舶轉(zhuǎn)讓時(shí)起解除；船舶轉(zhuǎn)讓發(fā)生在航次之中的，船舶保險(xiǎn)合同至航次終了時(shí)解除。
Upon termination of the contract, the insurer shall refund the unexpired premium to the insured calculated from the day of the termination of the contract to the day of its expiration.
合同解除后，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)將自合同解除之日起至保險(xiǎn)期間屆滿之日止的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)退還被保險(xiǎn)人。
Article 231 The insured may conclude an open cover with the insurer for the goods to be shipped or received in batches within a given period. The open cover shall be evidenced by an open policy to be issued by the insurer.
第二百三十一條 被保險(xiǎn)人在一定期間分批裝運(yùn)或者接受貨物的，可以與保險(xiǎn)人訂立預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同。預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同應(yīng)當(dāng)由保險(xiǎn)人簽發(fā)預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)單證加以確認(rèn)。
Article 232 The insurer shall, at the request of the insured, issue insurance certificates separately for the cargo shipped in batches according to the open cover.
第二百三十二條 應(yīng)被保險(xiǎn)人要求，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)依據(jù)預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同分批裝運(yùn)的貨物分別簽發(fā)保險(xiǎn)單證。
Where the contents of the insurance certificates issued by the insurer separately differ from those of the open policy, the insurance certificates issued separately shall prevail.
保險(xiǎn)人分別簽發(fā)的保險(xiǎn)單證的內(nèi)容與預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)單證的內(nèi)容不一致的，以分別簽發(fā)的保險(xiǎn)單證為準(zhǔn)。
Article 233 The insured shall notify the insurer immediately on learning that the cargo insured under the open cover has been shipped or has arrived. The items to be notified of shall include the name of the carrying ship, the voyage, the value of the cargo and the insured amount.
第二百三十三條 被保險(xiǎn)人知道經(jīng)預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同保險(xiǎn)的貨物已經(jīng)裝運(yùn)或者到達(dá)的情況時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即通知保險(xiǎn)人。通知的內(nèi)容包括裝運(yùn)貨物的船名、航線、貨物價(jià)值和保險(xiǎn)金額。
Section 3 Obligation of the Insured
第三節(jié) 被保險(xiǎn)人的義務(wù)
Article 234 Unless otherwise agreed in the insurance contract, the insured shall pay the premium immediately upon conclusion of the contract. The insurer may refuse to issue the insurance policy or other insurance certificate before the premium is paid by the insured.
第二百三十四條 除合同另有約定外，被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)在合同訂立后立即支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)；被保險(xiǎn)人支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)前，保險(xiǎn)人可以拒絕簽發(fā)保險(xiǎn)單證。
Article 235 The insured shall notify the insurer in writing immediately where the insured has not complied with the warranties under the contract. The insurer may, upon receipt of the notice, terminate the contract or demand an amendment to the terms and conditions of the insurance coverage or an increase in the premium.
第二百三十五條 被保險(xiǎn)人違反合同約定的保證條款時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即書(shū)面通知保險(xiǎn)人。保險(xiǎn)人收到通知后，可以解除合同，也可以要求修改承保條件、增加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。
Article 236 Upon the occurrence of the peril insured against, the insured shall notify the insurer immediately and shall take necessary and reasonable measures to avoid or minimize the loss. Where special instructions for the adoption of reasonable measures to avoid or minimize the loss are received from the insurer, the insured shall act according to such instructions.
第二百三十六條 一旦保險(xiǎn)事故發(fā)生，被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)立即通知保險(xiǎn)人，并采取必要的合理措施，防止或者減少損失。被保險(xiǎn)人收到保險(xiǎn)人發(fā)出的有關(guān)采取防止或者減少損失的合理措施的特別通知的，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照保險(xiǎn)人通知的要求處理。
The insurer shall not be liable for the extended loss caused by the insured's breach of the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
對(duì)于被保險(xiǎn)人違反前款規(guī)定所造成的擴(kuò)大的損失，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Section 4 Liability of the Insurer
第四節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)人的責(zé)任
Article 237 The insurer shall indemnify the insured promptly after the loss from a peril insured against has occurred.
第二百三十七條 發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故造成損失后，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)向被保險(xiǎn)人支付保險(xiǎn)賠償。
Article 238 The insurer's indemnification for the loss from the peril insured against shall be limited to the insured amount. Where the insured amount is lower than the insured value, the insurer shall indemnify in the proportion that the insured amount bears to the insured value.
第二百三十八條 保險(xiǎn)人賠償保險(xiǎn)事故造成的損失，以保險(xiǎn)金額為限。保險(xiǎn)金額低于保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，在保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的發(fā)生部分損失時(shí)，保險(xiǎn)人按照保險(xiǎn)金額與保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的比例負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 239 The insurer shall be liable for the loss to the subject matter insured arising from several perils insured against during the period of the insurance even though the aggregate of the amounts of loss exceeds the insured amount. However, the insurer shall only be liable for the total loss where the total loss occurs after the partial loss which has not been repaired.
第二百三十九條 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的在保險(xiǎn)期間發(fā)生幾次保險(xiǎn)事故所造成的損失，即使損失金額的總和超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)金額，保險(xiǎn)人也應(yīng)當(dāng)賠償。但是，對(duì)發(fā)生部分損失后未經(jīng)修復(fù)又發(fā)生全部損失的，保險(xiǎn)人按照全部損失賠償。
Article 240 The insurer shall pay, in addition to the indemnification to be paid with regard to the subject matter insured, the necessary and reasonable expenses incurred by the insured for avoiding or minimizing the loss recoverable under the contract, the reasonable expenses for survey and assessment of the value for the purpose of ascertaining the nature and extent of the peril insured against and the expenses incurred for acting on the special instructions of the insurer.
第二百四十條 被保險(xiǎn)人為防止或者減少根據(jù)合同可以得到賠償?shù)膿p失而支出的必要的合理費(fèi)用，為確定保險(xiǎn)事故的性質(zhì)、程度而支出的檢驗(yàn)、估價(jià)的合理費(fèi)用，以及為執(zhí)行保險(xiǎn)人的特別通知而支出的費(fèi)用，應(yīng)當(dāng)由保險(xiǎn)人在保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的損失賠償之外另行支付。
The payment by the insurer of the expenses referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be limited to that equivalent to the insured amount.
保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)前款規(guī)定的費(fèi)用的支付，以相當(dāng)于保險(xiǎn)金額的數(shù)額為限。
Where the insured amount is lower than the insured value, the insurer shall be liable for the expenses referred to in this Article in the proportion that the insured amount bears to the insured value, unless the contract provides otherwise.
保險(xiǎn)金額低于保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，除合同另有約定外，保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照保險(xiǎn)金額與保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的比例，支付本條規(guī)定的費(fèi)用。
Article 241 Where the insured amount is lower than the value for contribution under the general average, the insurer shall be liable for the general average contribution in the proportion that the insured amount bears to the value for contribution.
第二百四十一條 保險(xiǎn)金額低于共同海損分?jǐn)們r(jià)值的，保險(xiǎn)人按照保險(xiǎn)金額同分?jǐn)們r(jià)值的比例賠償共同海損分?jǐn)偂?/span>
Article 242 The insurer shall not be liable for the loss caused by the intentional act of the insured.
第二百四十二條 對(duì)于被保險(xiǎn)人故意造成的損失，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任。
Article 243 Unless otherwise agreed in the insurance contract, the insurer shall not be liable for the loss of or damage to the insured cargo arising from any of the following causes:
第二百四十三條 除合同另有約定外，因下列原因之一造成貨物損失的，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任：
(1) Delay in the voyage or in the delivery of cargo or change of market price;
（一）航行遲延、交貨遲延或者行市變化；
(2) Fair wear and tear, inherent vice or nature of the cargo; and
（二）貨物的自然損耗、本身的缺陷和自然特性；
(3) Improper packing.
（三）包裝不當(dāng)。
Article 244 Unless otherwise agreed in the insurance contract, the insurer shall not be liable for the loss of or damage to the insured ship arising from any of the following causes:
第二百四十四條 除合同另有約定外，因下列原因之一造成保險(xiǎn)船舶損失的，保險(xiǎn)人不負(fù)賠償責(zé)任：
(1) Unseaworthiness of the ship at the time of the commencement of the voyage, unless where under a time policy the insured has no knowledge thereof;
（一）船舶開(kāi)航時(shí)不適航，但是在船舶定期保險(xiǎn)中被保險(xiǎn)人不知道的除外；
(2) Wear and tear or corrosion of the ship.
（二）船舶自然磨損或者銹蝕。
The provisions of this Article shall apply " mutatis mutandis" to the insurance of freight.
運(yùn)費(fèi)保險(xiǎn)比照適用本條的規(guī)定。
Section 5 Loss of or Damage to the Subject Matter Insured and Abandonment
第五節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的損失和委付
Article 245 Where after the occurrence of a peril insured against the subject matter insured is lost or is so seriously damaged that it is completely deprived of its original structure and usage or the insured is deprived of the possession thereof, it shall constitute an actual total loss.
第二百四十五條 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故后滅失，或者受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞完全失去原有形體、效用，或者不能再歸被保險(xiǎn)人所擁有的，為實(shí)際全損。
Article 246 Where a ship's total loss is considered to be unavoidable after the occurrence of a peril insured against or the expenses necessary for avoiding the occurrence of an actual total loss would exceed the insured value, it shall constitute a constructive total loss.
第二百四十六條 船舶發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故后，認(rèn)為實(shí)際全損已經(jīng)不可避免，或者為避免發(fā)生實(shí)際全損所需支付的費(fèi)用超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，為推定全損。
Where an actual total loss is considered to be unavoidable after the cargo has suffered a peril insured against, or the expenses to be incurred for avoiding the total actual loss plus that for forwarding the cargo to its destination would exceed its insured value, it shall constitute a constructive total loss.
貨物發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故后，認(rèn)為實(shí)際全損已經(jīng)不可避免，或者為避免發(fā)生實(shí)際全損所需支付的費(fèi)用與繼續(xù)將貨物運(yùn)抵目的地的費(fèi)用之和超過(guò)保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的，為推定全損。
Article 247 Any loss other than an actual total loss or a constructive total loss is a partial loss.
第二百四十七條 不屬于實(shí)際全損和推定全損的損失，為部分損失。
Article 248 Where a ship fails to arrive at its destination within a reasonable time from the place where it was last heard of, unless the contract provides otherwise, if it remains unheard of upon the expiry of two months, it shall constitute missing. Such missing shall be deemed to be an actual total loss.
第二百四十八條 船舶在合理時(shí)間內(nèi)未從被獲知最后消息的地點(diǎn)抵達(dá)目的地，除合同另有約定外，滿兩個(gè)月后仍沒(méi)有獲知其消息的，為船舶失蹤。船舶失蹤視為實(shí)際全損。
Article 249 Where the subject matter insured has become a constructive total loss and the insured demands indemnification from the insurer on the basis of a total loss, the subject matter insured shall be abandoned to the insurer. The insurer may accept the abandonment or choose not to, but shall inform the insured of his decision whether to accept the abandonment within a reasonable time.
第二百四十九條 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的發(fā)生推定全損，被保險(xiǎn)人要求保險(xiǎn)人按照全部損失賠償?shù)模瑧?yīng)當(dāng)向保險(xiǎn)人委付保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的。保險(xiǎn)人可以接受委付，也可以不接受委付，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)在合理的時(shí)間內(nèi)將接受委付或者不接受委付的決定通知被保險(xiǎn)人。
The abandonment shall not be attached with any conditions. Once the abandonment is accepted by the insurer, it shall not be withdrawn.
委付不得附帶任何條件。委付一經(jīng)保險(xiǎn)人接受，不得撤回。
Article 250 Where the insurer has accepted the abandonment, all rights and obligations relating to the property abandoned are transferred to the insurer.
第二百五十條 保險(xiǎn)人接受委付的，被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)委付財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部權(quán)利和義務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)移給保險(xiǎn)人。
Section 6 Payment of Indemnity
第六節(jié) 保險(xiǎn)賠償?shù)闹Ц?/span>
Article 251 After the occurrence of a peril insured against and before the payment of indemnity, the insurer may demand that the insured submit evidence and materials related to the ascertainment of the nature of the peril and the extent of the loss.
第二百五十一條 保險(xiǎn)事故發(fā)生后，保險(xiǎn)人向被保險(xiǎn)人支付保險(xiǎn)賠償前，可以要求被保險(xiǎn)人提供與確認(rèn)保險(xiǎn)事故性質(zhì)和損失程度有關(guān)的證明和資料。
Article 252 Where the loss of or damage to the subject matter insured within the insurance coverage is caused by a third person, the right of the insured to demand compensation from the third person shall be subrogated to the insurer from the time the indemnity is paid.
第二百五十二條 保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)的損失是由第三人造成的，被保險(xiǎn)人向第三人要求賠償?shù)臋?quán)利，自保險(xiǎn)人支付賠償之日起，相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移給保險(xiǎn)人。
The insured shall furnish the insurer with necessary documents and information that should come to his knowledge and shall endeavour to assist the insurer in pursuing recovery from the third person.
被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)當(dāng)向保險(xiǎn)人提供必要的文件和其所需要知道的情況，并盡力協(xié)助保險(xiǎn)人向第三人追償。
Article 253 Where the insured waives his right of claim against the third person without the consent of the insurer or the insurer is unable to exercise the right of recourse due to the fault of the insured, the insurer may make a corresponding reduction from the amount of indemnity.
第二百五十三條 被保險(xiǎn)人未經(jīng)保險(xiǎn)人同意放棄向第三人要求賠償?shù)臋?quán)利，或者由于過(guò)失致使保險(xiǎn)人不能行使追償權(quán)利的，保險(xiǎn)人可以相應(yīng)扣減保險(xiǎn)賠償。
Article 254 In effecting payment of indemnity to the insured, the insurer may make a corresponding reduction therefrom of the amount already paid by a third person to the insured.
第二百五十四條 保險(xiǎn)人支付保險(xiǎn)賠償時(shí)，可以從應(yīng)支付的賠償額中相應(yīng)扣減被保險(xiǎn)人已經(jīng)從第三人取得的賠償。
Where the compensation obtained by the insurer from the third person exceeds the amount of indemnity paid by the insurer, the part in excess shall be returned to the insured.
保險(xiǎn)人從第三人取得的賠償，超過(guò)其支付的保險(xiǎn)賠償?shù)?，超過(guò)部分應(yīng)當(dāng)退還給被保險(xiǎn)人。
Article 255 After the occurrence of a peril insured against, the insurer is entitled to waive his right to the subject matter insured and pay the insured the amount in full to relieve himself of the obligations under the contract.
第二百五十五條 發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故后，保險(xiǎn)人有權(quán)放棄對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的權(quán)利，全額支付合同約定的保險(xiǎn)賠償，以解除對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的義務(wù)。
In exercising the right prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the insurer shall notify the insured thereof within seven days from the day of the receipt of the notice from the insured regarding the indemnity. The insurer shall remain liable for the necessary and reasonable expenses paid by the insured for avoiding or minimizing the loss prior to his receipt of the said notice.
保險(xiǎn)人行使前款規(guī)定的權(quán)利，應(yīng)當(dāng)自收到被保險(xiǎn)人有關(guān)賠償損失的通知之日起的七日內(nèi)通知被保險(xiǎn)人；被保險(xiǎn)人在收到通知前，為避免或者減少損失而支付的必要的合理費(fèi)用，仍然應(yīng)當(dāng)由保險(xiǎn)人償還。
Article 256 Except as stipulated in Article 255 of this Law, where a total loss occurs to the subject matter insured and the full insured amount is paid, the insurer shall acquire the full right to the subject matter insured. In the case of under-insurance, the insurer shall acquire the right to the subject matter insured in the proportion that the insured amount bears to the insured value.
第二百五十六條 除本法第二百五十五條的規(guī)定外，保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的發(fā)生全損，保險(xiǎn)人支付全部保險(xiǎn)金額的，取得對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的全部權(quán)利；但是，在不足額保險(xiǎn)的情況下，保險(xiǎn)人按照保險(xiǎn)金額與保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的比例取得對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的部分權(quán)利。
Chapter XIII Limitation of Time
第十三章 時(shí) 效
Article 257 The limitation period for claims against the carrier with regard to the carriage of goods by sea is one year, counting from the day on which the goods were delivered or should have been delivered by the carrier. Within the limitation period or after the expiration thereof, if the person allegedly liable has brought up a claim of recourse against a third person, that claim is time-barred at the expiration of 90 days, counting from the day on which the person claiming for the recourse settled the claim, or was served with a copy of the process by the court handling the claim against him.
第二百五十七條 就海上貨物運(yùn)輸向承運(yùn)人要求賠償?shù)恼?qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為一年，自承運(yùn)人交付或者應(yīng)當(dāng)交付貨物之日起計(jì)算；在時(shí)效期間內(nèi)或者時(shí)效期間屆滿后，被認(rèn)定為負(fù)有責(zé)任的人向第三人提起追償請(qǐng)求的，時(shí)效期間為九十日，自追償請(qǐng)求人解決原賠償請(qǐng)求之日起或者收到受理對(duì)其本人提起訴訟的法院的起訴狀副本之日起計(jì)算。
The limitation period for claims against the carrier with regard to voyage charter party is two years, counting from the day on which the claimant knew or should have known that his right had been infringed.
有關(guān)航次租船合同的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，自知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道權(quán)利被侵害之日起計(jì)算。
Article 258 The limitation period for claims against the carrier with regard to the carriage of passengers by sea is two years, counting respectively as follows:
第二百五十八條 就海上旅客運(yùn)輸向承運(yùn)人要求賠償?shù)恼?qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，分別依照下列規(guī)定計(jì)算：
(1) Claims for personal injury: Counting from the day on which the passenger disembarked or should have disembarked;
（一）有關(guān)旅客人身傷害的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，自旅客離船或者應(yīng)當(dāng)離船之日起計(jì)算；
(2) Claims for death of passengers that occurred during the period of carriage: Counting from the day on which the passenger should have disembarked; whereas those for the death of passengers that occurred after the disembarkation but resulted from an injury during the period of carriage by sea, counting from the day of the death of the passenger concerned, provided that this period does not exceed three years from the time of disembarkation.
（二）有關(guān)旅客死亡的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，發(fā)生在運(yùn)送期間的，自旅客應(yīng)當(dāng)離船之日起計(jì)算；因運(yùn)送期間內(nèi)的傷害而導(dǎo)致旅客離船后死亡的，自旅客死亡之日起計(jì)算，但是此期限自離船之日起不得超過(guò)三年；
(3) Claims for loss of or damage to the luggage: Counting from the day of disembarkation or the day on which the passenger should have disembarked.
（三）有關(guān)行李滅失或者損壞的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，自旅客離船或者應(yīng)當(dāng)離船之日起計(jì)算。
Article 259 The limitation period for claims with regard to charter parties is two years, counting from the day on which the claimant knew or should have known that his right had been infringed.
第二百五十九條 有關(guān)船舶租用合同的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，自知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道權(quán)利被侵害之日起計(jì)算。
Article 260 The limitation period for claims with regard to sea towage is one year, counting from the day on which the claimant knew or should have known that his right had been infringed.
第二百六十條 有關(guān)海上拖航合同的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為一年，自知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道權(quán)利被侵害之日起計(jì)算。
Article 261 The limitation period for claims with regard to collision of ships is two years, counting from the day on which the collision occurred. The limitation period for claims with regard to the right of recourse as provided for in paragraph 3 of Article 169 of this Law is one year, counting from the day on which the parties concerned jointly and severally paid the amount of compensation for the damage occurred.
第二百六十一條 有關(guān)船舶碰撞的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，自碰撞事故發(fā)生之日起計(jì)算；本法第一百六十九條第三款規(guī)定的追償請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為一年，自當(dāng)事人連帶支付損害賠償之日起計(jì)算。
Article 262 The limitation period for claims with regard to salvage at sea is two years, counting from the day on which the salvage operation was completed.
第二百六十二條 有關(guān)海難救助的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，自救助作業(yè)終止之日起計(jì)算。
Article 263 The limitation period for claims with regard to contribution in general average is one year, counting from the day on which the adjustment was finished.
第二百六十三條 有關(guān)共同海損分?jǐn)偟恼?qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為一年，自理算結(jié)束之日起計(jì)算。
Article 264 The limitation period for claims with regard to contracts of marine insurance is two years, counting from the day on which the peril insured against occurred.
第二百六十四條 根據(jù)海上保險(xiǎn)合同向保險(xiǎn)人要求保險(xiǎn)賠償?shù)恼?qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為二年，自保險(xiǎn)事故發(fā)生之日起計(jì)算。
Article 265 The limitation period for claims with regard to compensation for oil pollution damage from ships is three years, counting from the day on which the pollution damage occurred. However, in no case shall the limitation period exceed six years, counting from the day on which the accident causing the pollution occurred.
第二百六十五條 有關(guān)船舶發(fā)生油污損害的請(qǐng)求權(quán)，時(shí)效期間為三年，自損害發(fā)生之日起計(jì)算；但是，在任何情況下時(shí)效期間不得超過(guò)從造成損害的事故發(fā)生之日起六年。
Article 266 Within the last six months of the limitation period if, on account of force majeure or other causes preventing the claims from being made, the limitation period shall be suspended. The counting of the limitation period shall be resumed when the cause of suspension no longer exists.
第二百六十六條 在時(shí)效期間的最后六個(gè)月內(nèi)，因不可抗力或者其他障礙不能行使請(qǐng)求權(quán)的，時(shí)效中止。自中止時(shí)效的原因消除之日起，時(shí)效期間繼續(xù)計(jì)算。
Article 267 The limitation of time shall be discontinued as a result of bringing an action or submitting the case for arbitration by the claimant or the admission to fulfill obligations by the person against whom the claim was brought up. However, the limitation of time shall not be discontinued if the claimant withdraws his action or his submission for arbitration, or his action has been rejected by a decision of the court.
第二百六十七條 時(shí)效因請(qǐng)求人提起訴訟、提交仲裁或者被請(qǐng)求人同意履行義務(wù)而中斷。但是，請(qǐng)求人撤回起訴、撤回仲裁或者起訴被裁定駁回的，時(shí)效不中斷。
Where the claimant makes a claim for the arrest of a ship, the limitation of time shall be discontinued from the day on which the claim is made.
請(qǐng)求人申請(qǐng)扣船的，時(shí)效自申請(qǐng)扣船之日起中斷。
The limitation period shall be counted anew from the time of discontinuance.
自中斷時(shí)起，時(shí)效期間重新計(jì)算。
Chapter XIV Application of Law in Relation to Foreign-related Matters
第十四章 涉外關(guān)系的法律運(yùn)用
Article 268 If any international treaty concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China contains provisions differing from those contained in this Law, the provisions of the relevant international treaty shall apply, unless the provisions are those on which the People's Republic of China has announced reservations.
第二百六十八條 中華人民共和國(guó)締結(jié)或者參加的國(guó)際條約同本法有不同規(guī)定的，適用國(guó)際條約的規(guī)定；但是，中華人民共和國(guó)聲明保留的條款除外。
International practice may be applied to matters for which neither the relevant laws of the People's Republic of China nor any international treaty concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China contain any relevant provisions
中華人民共和國(guó)法律和中華人民共和國(guó)締結(jié)或者參加的國(guó)際條約沒(méi)有規(guī)定的，可以適用國(guó)際慣例。
Article 269 The parties to a contract may choose the law applicable to such contract, unless the law provides otherwise. Where the parties to a contract have not made a choice, the law of the country having the closest connection with the contract shall apply.
第二百六十九條 合同當(dāng)事人可以選擇合同適用的法律，法律另有規(guī)定的除外。合同當(dāng)事人沒(méi)有選擇的，適用與合同有最密切聯(lián)系的國(guó)家的法律。
Article 270 The law of the flag State of the ship shall apply to the acquisition, transfer and extinction of the ownership of the ship.
第二百七十條 船舶所有權(quán)的取得、轉(zhuǎn)讓和消滅，適用船旗國(guó)法律。
Article 271 The law of the flag State of the ship shall apply to the mortgage of the ship.
第二百七十一條 船舶抵押權(quán)適用船旗國(guó)法律。
The law of the original country of registry of a ship shall apply to the mortgage of the ship if its mortgage is established before or during its bareboat charter period.
船舶在光船租賃以前或者光船租賃期間，設(shè)立船舶抵押權(quán)的，適用原船舶登記國(guó)的法律。
Article 272 The law of the place where the court hearing the case is located shall apply to matters pertaining to maritime liens.
第二百七十二條 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)，適用受理案件的法院所在地法律。
Article 273 The law of the place where the infringing act is committed shall apply to claims for damages arising from collision of ships.
第二百七十三條 船舶碰撞的損害賠償，適用侵權(quán)行為地法律。
The law of the place where the court hearing the case is located shall apply to claims for damages arising from collision of ships on the high sea .
船舶在公海上發(fā)生碰撞的損害賠償，適用受理案件的法院所在地法律。
If the colliding ships belong to the same country, no matter where the collision occurs, the law of the flag State shall apply to claims against one another for damages arising from such collision.
同一國(guó)籍的船舶，不論碰撞發(fā)生于何地，碰撞船舶之間的損害賠償適用船旗國(guó)法律。
Article 274 The law where the adjustment of general average is made shall apply to the adjustment of general average.
第二百七十四條 共同海損理算，適用理算地法律。
Article 275 The law of the place where the court hearing the case is located shall apply to the limitation of liability for maritime claims.
第二百七十五條 海事賠償責(zé)任限制，適用受理案件的法院所在地法律。
Article 276 The application of foreign laws or international practices pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter shall not jeopardize the public interests of the People's Republic of China.
第二百七十六條 依照本章規(guī)定適用外國(guó)法律或者國(guó)際慣例，不得違背中華人民共和國(guó)的社會(huì)公共利益。
Chapter XV Supplementary Provisions
第十五章 附 則
Article 277 The Unit of Account referred to in this Law is the Special Drawing Right as defined by the International Monetary Fund; the amount of the Chinese currency (RMB) in terms of the Special Drawing Right shall be that computed on the basis of the method of conversion established by the authorities in charge of foreign exchange control of this country on the date of the judgment by the court or the date of the award by the arbitration organization or the date mutually agreed upon by the parties.
第二百七十七條 本法所稱(chēng)計(jì)算單位，是指國(guó)際貨幣基金組織規(guī)定的特別提款權(quán)；其人民幣數(shù)額為法院判決之日、仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)裁決之日或者當(dāng)事人協(xié)議之日，按照國(guó)家外匯主管機(jī)關(guān)規(guī)定的國(guó)際貨幣基金組織的特別提款權(quán)對(duì)人民幣的換算辦法計(jì)算得出的人民幣數(shù)額。
Article 278 This Law shall come into force as of July 1, 1993.
第二百七十八條 本法自１９９３年７月１日起施行。