Banking Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China
中華人民共和國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法
(Adopted at the Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People’s Congress on December 27, 2003, amended at the Twenty-fourth Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People’s Congress on October 31, 2006)
（2003年12月27日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第六次會議通過 根據(jù)2006年10月31日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第二十四次會議《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法〉的決定》修正）
Contents
目錄
Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 總則
Chapter II The Banking Regulatory Authority
第二章 監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)
Chapter III Regulatory and Supervisory Responsibilities
第三章 監(jiān)督管理職責(zé)
Chapter IV Supervisory Methods and Procedures
第四章 監(jiān)督管理措施
Chapter V Legal Liability
第五章 法律責(zé)任
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
第六章 附則
Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 總則
Article 1 This law is enacted for the purposes of improving banking regulation and supervision, standardizing banking supervisory process and procedures, preventing and mitigating financial risks in the banking industry, protecting the interests of depositors and other customers, as well as promoting a safe and sound banking industry in China.
第一條 為了加強對銀行業(yè)的監(jiān)督管理，規(guī)范監(jiān)督管理行為，防范和化解銀行業(yè)風(fēng)險，保護(hù)存款人和其他客戶的合法權(quán)益，促進(jìn)銀行業(yè)健康發(fā)展，制定本法。
Article 2 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall be responsible for the regulation and supervision of the banking institutions in China and their business operations.
第二條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)對全國銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)及其業(yè)務(wù)活動監(jiān)督管理的工作。
For the purposes of this law, the term “banking institutions” means financial institutions established in the People’s Republic of China that take deposits from the general public, including, among others, commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives, and policy banks.
本法所稱銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)，是指在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)設(shè)立的商業(yè)銀行、城市信用合作社、農(nóng)村信用合作社等吸收公眾存款的金融機構(gòu)以及政策性銀行。
The provisions of this law pertaining to the regulation and supervision of banking institutions are applicable to the regulation and supervision of asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance companies, financial leasing companies and other financial institutions established in the People’s Republic of China as authorized by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.
對在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)設(shè)立的金融資產(chǎn)管理公司、信托投資公司、財務(wù)公司、金融租賃公司以及經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)設(shè)立的其他金融機構(gòu)的監(jiān)督管理，適用本法對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)監(jiān)督管理的規(guī)定。
The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with the applicable provisions of this law, regulate and supervise the financial institutions that, subject to its approval, are established outside the People’s Republic of China, as well as the overseas business operations conducted by the financial institutions referred to in the preceding two paragraphs.
國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依照本法有關(guān)規(guī)定，對經(jīng)其批準(zhǔn)在境外設(shè)立的金融機構(gòu)以及前二款金融機構(gòu)在境外的業(yè)務(wù)活動實施監(jiān)督管理。
Article 3 The objectives of banking regulation and supervision are to promote the safety and soundness of the banking industry and maintain public confidence in the banking industry.
第三條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理的目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)銀行業(yè)的合法、穩(wěn)健運行，維護(hù)公眾對銀行業(yè)的信心。
Towards these objectives, the banking regulation and supervision shall protect fair competition in the banking industry and promote the competitiveness of the banking industry.
銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理應(yīng)當(dāng)保護(hù)銀行業(yè)公平競爭，提高銀行業(yè)競爭能力。
Article 4 The banking regulatory authority shall exercise banking regulation and supervision in accordance with laws and regulations and in line with the principles of openness, fairness and efficiency.
第四條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)對銀行業(yè)實施監(jiān)督管理，應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循依法、公開、公正和效率的原則。
Article 5 The banking regulatory authority and its supervisory staff shall be protected by law while performing supervisory responsibilities in accordance with laws and regulations. There shall be no interference by local governments, government departments at various levels, public organizations or individuals.
第五條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)及其從事監(jiān)督管理工作的人員依法履行監(jiān)督管理職責(zé)，受法律保護(hù)。地方政府、各級政府部門、社會團(tuán)體和個人不得干涉。
Article 6 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall establish supervisory information sharing mechanisms with the People’s Bank of China and other regulatory authorities under the State Council.
第六條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)和中國人民銀行、國務(wù)院其他金融監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)建立監(jiān)督管理信息共享機制。
Article 7 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may establish supervisory cooperation mechanisms with the banking supervisory authorities in other countries and regions for the supervision of cross-border banking.
第七條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)可以和其他國家或者地區(qū)的銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)建立監(jiān)督管理合作機制，實施跨境監(jiān)督管理。
Chapter II The Banking Regulatory Authority
第二章 監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)
Article 8 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may, if deemed necessary for performing its responsibilities, set up local offices, and shall exercise centralized oversight of its local offices.
第八條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)根據(jù)履行職責(zé)的需要設(shè)立派出機構(gòu)。國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)對派出機構(gòu)實行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和管理。
The local offices of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall perform supervisory functions as authorized by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.
國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)的派出機構(gòu)在國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)的授權(quán)范圍內(nèi)，履行監(jiān)督管理職責(zé)。
Article 9 The supervisory staff of the banking regulatory authority shall have the professional skills and work experiences as required for performing their duties.
第九條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)從事監(jiān)督管理工作的人員，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備與其任職相適應(yīng)的專業(yè)知識和業(yè)務(wù)工作經(jīng)驗。
Article 10 The staff of the banking regulatory authority shall perform their duties with integrity and in accordance with laws and regulations. They shall not take advantage of their positions to seek inappropriate gains, or concurrently hold a position in enterprises including financial institutions.
第十條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)工作人員，應(yīng)當(dāng)忠于職守，依法辦事，公正廉潔，不得利用職務(wù)便利牟取不正當(dāng)?shù)睦妫坏迷诮鹑跈C構(gòu)等企業(yè)中兼任職務(wù)。
Article 11 The staff of the banking regulatory authority shall preserve the confidentiality of information for the State according to applicable laws and regulations, and for the banking institutions subject to their supervision and other parties concerned.
第十一條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)工作人員，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法保守國家秘密，并有責(zé)任為其監(jiān)督管理的銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)及當(dāng)事人保守秘密。
The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall make relevant arrangements for preserving the confidentiality of information while exchanging supervisory information with the banking supervisory authorities in other countries and regions.
國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)同其他國家或者地區(qū)的銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)交流監(jiān)督管理信息，應(yīng)當(dāng)就信息保密作出安排。
Article 12 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall make public its supervisory process and procedures, and put in place a supervisory accountability system and an internal compliance monitoring mechanism.
第十二條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)公開監(jiān)督管理程序，建立監(jiān)督管理責(zé)任制度和內(nèi)部監(jiān)督制度。
Article 13 Local governments and relevant government departments at various levels shall cooperate and provide assistance for the banking regulatory authority to exercise its supervisory activities, such as resolving problem banking institutions, and investigating and taking enforcement actions against activities that violate laws and regulations.
第十三條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)在處置銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)風(fēng)險、查處有關(guān)金融違法行為等監(jiān)督管理活動中，地方政府、各級有關(guān)部門應(yīng)當(dāng)予以配合和協(xié)助。
Article 14 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall be subject to the oversight by relevant government agencies such as the audit institution and supervisory institution under the State Council.
第十四條 國務(wù)院審計、監(jiān)察等機關(guān)，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照法律規(guī)定對國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)的活動進(jìn)行監(jiān)督。
Chapter III Regulatory and Supervisory Responsibilities
第三章 監(jiān)督管理職責(zé)
Article 15 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations, formulate and promulgate supervisory rules and regulations for banking institutions.
第十五條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依照法律、行政法規(guī)制定并發(fā)布對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)及其業(yè)務(wù)活動監(jiān)督管理的規(guī)章、規(guī)則。
Article 16 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with the criteria and procedures provided in applicable laws and administrative regulations, authorize the establishment, changes, termination and business scope of banking institutions.
第十六條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依照法律、行政法規(guī)規(guī)定的條件和程序，審查批準(zhǔn)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的設(shè)立、變更、終止以及業(yè)務(wù)范圍。
Article 17 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall review and assess the source of capital, financial strength, ability to replenish capital and integrity of the shareholders while reviewing the applications for the establishment of a banking institution or changes in the shareholders that hold a certain percentage or more of the total capital or total shares as stipulated in applicable laws and regulations.
第十七條 申請設(shè)立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)，或者銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)變更持有資本總額或者股份總額達(dá)到規(guī)定比例以上的股東的，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對股東的資金來源、財務(wù)狀況、資本補充能力和誠信狀況進(jìn)行審查。
Article 18 Products and services offered by a banking institution within its business scope authorized by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with applicable regulations, be subject to prior approval of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or the report for filing requirement. The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations, make public the products and services that are subject to prior approval or report for filing requirement.
第十八條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)范圍內(nèi)的業(yè)務(wù)品種，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照規(guī)定經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)審查批準(zhǔn)或者備案。需要審查批準(zhǔn)或者備案的業(yè)務(wù)品種，由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依照法律、行政法規(guī)作出規(guī)定并公布。
Article 19 Without the authorization of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council, no institution or individuals may establish a banking institution or engage in banking businesses.
第十九條 未經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)，任何單位或者個人不得設(shè)立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)或者從事銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)活動。
Article 20 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall conduct fit and proper test for directors and senior managers of banking institutions. For this purpose, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall formulate specific rules and procedures on the fit and proper test.
第二十條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的董事和高級管理人員實行任職資格管理。具體辦法由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)制定。
Article 21 Prudential rules and regulations applied to banking institutions may be stipulated in laws or administrative regulations, or formulated by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations.
第二十一條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則，由法律、行政法規(guī)規(guī)定，也可以由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依照法律、行政法規(guī)制定。
“prudential rules and regulations” referred to in the preceding paragraph shall cover, among others, risk management, internal controls, capital adequacy, asset quality, loan loss provisioning, risk concentrations, connected transactions and liquidity management.
前款規(guī)定的審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則，包括風(fēng)險管理、內(nèi)部控制、資本充足率、資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量、損失準(zhǔn)備金、風(fēng)險集中、關(guān)聯(lián)交易、資產(chǎn)流動性等內(nèi)容。
The banking institutions shall observe these prudential rules and regulations.
銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格遵守審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則。
Article 22 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, within a prescribed period of time, make a decision of approval or rejection in writing in response to the following applications. If a decision of rejection is made, it shall specify the reasons for rejection:
第二十二條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)在規(guī)定的期限，對下列申請事項作出批準(zhǔn)或者不批準(zhǔn)的書面決定；決定不批準(zhǔn)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)說明理由：
(1)In the case of establishment of a banking institution, within six months from the date of receiving the application documents;
（一）銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的設(shè)立，自收到申請文件之日起六個月內(nèi)；
(2)In the case of changes or termination of a banking institution or offering new products or services within the business scope authorized by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council, within three months from the date of receiving the application documents; and
（二）銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的變更、終止，以及業(yè)務(wù)范圍和增加業(yè)務(wù)范圍內(nèi)的業(yè)務(wù)品種，自收到申請文件之日起三個月內(nèi)；
(3)In the case of fit and proper test for directors and senior managers, within one month from the date of receiving the application documents.
（三）審查董事和高級管理人員的任職資格，自收到申請文件之日起三十日內(nèi)。
Article 23 The banking regulatory authority shall conduct off-site surveillance of the business operations and risk profile of banking institutions. For this purpose, it shall establish a supervisory information system to analyze and assess the risk profile of banking institutions.
第二十三條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)活動及其風(fēng)險狀況進(jìn)行非現(xiàn)場監(jiān)管，建立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)監(jiān)督管理信息系統(tǒng)，分析、評價銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的風(fēng)險狀況。
Article 24 The banking regulatory authority shall conduct on-site examination of the business operations and risk profile of banking institutions.
第二十四條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)活動及其風(fēng)險狀況進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢查。
The banking regulatory authority shall formulate on-site examination procedures to standardize on-site examination activities.
國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)制定現(xiàn)場檢查程序，規(guī)范現(xiàn)場檢查行為。
Article 25 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall regulate and supervise banking institutions on a consolidated basis.
第二十五條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)實行并表監(jiān)督管理。
Article 26 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall respond to the proposals of the people’s Bank of China for the examination of banking institutions within thirty days from the date of receiving the proposals.
第二十六條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)對中國人民銀行提出的檢查銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的建議，應(yīng)當(dāng)自收到建議之日起三十日內(nèi)予以回復(fù)。
Article 27 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall establish a rating system and an early warning system for the purpose of supervision of banking institutions, thus, based on the rating and risk profile of banking institutions, determining the frequency and scope of on-site examination as well as other supervisory measures that may be deemed necessary.
第二十七條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)建立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)監(jiān)督管理評級體系和風(fēng)險預(yù)警機制，根據(jù)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的評級情況和風(fēng)險狀況，確定對其現(xiàn)場檢查的頻率、范圍和需要采取的其他措施。
Article 28 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall establish a system to identify and report emergency situations in the banking sector.
第二十八條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)建立銀行業(yè)突發(fā)事件的發(fā)現(xiàn)、報告崗位責(zé)任制度。
The banking regulatory authority shall, as soon as identified any emergency situations that may result in systemic banking risks, hence causing severe social instability, report to the chief responsible person of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council. The chief responsible person of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, when deemed necessary, report to the State Council while informing relevant government agencies including the People’s Bank of China and Ministry of Finance.
銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)可能引發(fā)系統(tǒng)性銀行業(yè)風(fēng)險、嚴(yán)重影響社會穩(wěn)定的突發(fā)事件的，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人報告；國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人認(rèn)為需要向國務(wù)院報告的，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向國務(wù)院報告，并告知中國人民銀行、國務(wù)院財政部門等有關(guān)部門。
Article 29 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in collaboration with relevant government agencies including the People’s Bank of China and Ministry of Finance, establish mechanisms to address emergency situations in the banking sector, including formulating contingency plans, designating institutions and staff members, specifying their responsibilities, and stipulating resolution measures and procedures, hence ensuring timely and effective resolution of the emergency situations in the banking sector.
第二十九條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)會同中國人民銀行、國務(wù)院財政部門等有關(guān)部門建立銀行業(yè)突發(fā)事件處置制度，制定銀行業(yè)突發(fā)事件處置預(yù)案，明確處置機構(gòu)和人員及其職責(zé)、處置措施和處置程序，及時、有效地處置銀行業(yè)突發(fā)事件。
Article 30 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall compile and publish statistics and reports of banking institutions in accordance with applicable regulations of the State.
第三十條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)統(tǒng)一編制全國銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)、報表，并按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定予以公布。
Article 31 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall guide and oversee the activities of the self-regulated organizations of the banking industry.
第三十一條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)對銀行業(yè)自律組織的活動進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督。
The self-regulated organizations of the banking industry shall submit their articles of association to the banking regulatory authority under the State Council for filing.
銀行業(yè)自律組織的章程應(yīng)當(dāng)報國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)備案。
Article 32 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may engage in the international activities related to banking regulation and supervision.
第三十二條 國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)可以開展與銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理有關(guān)的國際交流、合作活動。
Chapter IV Supervisory Methods and Procedures
第四章 監(jiān)督管理措施
Article 33 The banking regulatory authority shall, for the purpose of performing its responsibilities, have the authority to require banking institutions to submit, in accordance with applicable regulations, balance sheets, income statements, other financial and statistical reports, information concerning business operations and management, and the audit reports prepared by certified public accountants.
第三十三條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)根據(jù)履行職責(zé)的需要，有權(quán)要求銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)按照規(guī)定報送資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表、利潤表和其他財務(wù)會計、統(tǒng)計報表、經(jīng)營管理資料以及注冊會計師出具的審計報告。
Article 34 The banking regulatory authority may take the following measures to conduct on-site examination for the purpose of exercising prudential supervision:
第三十四條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)根據(jù)審慎監(jiān)管的要求，可以采取下列措施進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢查：
(1)to enter a banking institution for on-site examination;
（一）進(jìn)入銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)進(jìn)行檢查；
(2)to interview the staff of the banking institution and require them to provide explanations on examined matters;
（二）詢問銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的工作人員，要求其對有關(guān)檢查事項作出說明；
(3)to have full access to and make copies of the banking institution’s documents and materials related to the on-site examination, and to seal up documents and materials that are likely to be removed, concealed or destroyed; and
（三）查閱、復(fù)制銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)與檢查事項有關(guān)的文件、資料，對可能被轉(zhuǎn)移、隱匿或者毀損的文件、資料予以封存；
(4)to examine the banking institution’s information technology infrastructure for business operations and management.
（四）檢查銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)運用電子計算機管理業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的系統(tǒng)。
The on-site examination shall be subject to prior approval of the chief responsible office of the banking regulatory authority. The on-site examination team shall comprise no less than two examiners, who shall produce their examiner’ certificates and the examination notice upon examination. If the on-site examination team comprises less than two examiners, or the examiners fail to produce their examiner’ certificates or the examination notice upon examination, the banking institutions shall have the right to refuse the examination.
進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢查，應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)。現(xiàn)場檢查時，檢查人員不得少于二人，并應(yīng)當(dāng)出示合法證件和檢查通知書；檢查人員少于二人或者未出示合法證件和檢查通知書的，銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)有權(quán)拒絕檢查。
Article 35 The banking regulatory authority may, for the purpose of performing its responsibilities, hold supervisory consultations with the directors and senior managers of a banking institution to inquire about the major activities concerning its business operations and risk management.
第三十五條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)根據(jù)履行職責(zé)的需要，可以與銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)董事、高級管理人員進(jìn)行監(jiān)督管理談話，要求銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)董事、高級管理人員就銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)活動和風(fēng)險管理的重大事項作出說明。
Article 36 The banking regulatory authority shall require banking institutions to disclose, in accordance with applicable regulations, to the public reliable information, including, among others, financial reports and statements, risk management policies and procedures, changes in the directors and senior managers and information on other significant matters.
第三十六條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)按照規(guī)定，如實向社會公眾披露財務(wù)會計報告、風(fēng)險管理狀況、董事和高級管理人員變更以及其他重大事項等信息。
Article 37 When a banking institution fails to meet prudential rules and regulations, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial office shall require it to take remedial measures within a prescribed period of time. If the banking institution fails to correct the deficiencies within the prescribed period of time, or the safety and soundness of the banking institution is likely to be severely threatened and the interests of its depositors and other customers are likely to be jeopardized, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial office may, subject to the approval of its chief responsible officer, take the following measures depending on the severity of the circumstances:
第三十七條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)違反審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則的，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)或者其省一級派出機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令限期改正；逾期未改正的，或者其行為嚴(yán)重危及該銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的穩(wěn)健運行、損害存款人和其他客戶合法權(quán)益的，經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)或者其省一級派出機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)，可以區(qū)別情形，采取下列措施：
(1)to suspend part of the businesses of the banking institution and/or withhold approval of new products or services;
（一）責(zé)令暫停部分業(yè)務(wù)、停止批準(zhǔn)開辦新業(yè)務(wù)；
(2)to restrict dividend or other payments to shareholders;
（二）限制分配紅利和其他收入；
(3)to restrict asset transfers;
（三）限制資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓；
(4)to order the controlling shareholders to transfer shares or restrict the powers of relevant shareholders;
（四）責(zé)令控股股東轉(zhuǎn)讓股權(quán)或者限制有關(guān)股東的權(quán)利；
(5)to order the banking institution to replace the directors and/or senior managers or restrict their powers; and
（五）責(zé)令調(diào)整董事、高級管理人員或者限制其權(quán)利；
(6)to withhold approval of branching.
（六）停止批準(zhǔn)增設(shè)分支機構(gòu)。
The banking institution shall report to the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial office once it is restored to meet the prudential rules and regulations after taking corrective measures. The banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial office shall terminate the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph within three days after the verification of compliance.
銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)整改后，應(yīng)當(dāng)向國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)或者其省一級派出機構(gòu)提交報告。國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)或者其省一級派出機構(gòu)經(jīng)驗收，符合有關(guān)審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則的，應(yīng)當(dāng)自驗收完畢之日起三日內(nèi)解除對其采取的前款規(guī)定的有關(guān)措施。
Article 38 When a banking institution is experiencing or likely to experience a credit crisis, thereby seriously jeopardizing the interests of depositors and other customers, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council may take over the banking institution or facilitate a restructuring. The take-over or restructuring shall be carried out in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations.
第三十八條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)已經(jīng)或者可能發(fā)生信用危機，嚴(yán)重影響存款人和其他客戶合法權(quán)益的，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)可以依法對該銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)實行接管或者促成機構(gòu)重組，接管和機構(gòu)重組依照有關(guān)法律和國務(wù)院的規(guī)定執(zhí)行。
Article 39 When a banking institution has been found serious violation of laws and regulations, or significant unsafe or unsound practices, thereby seriously threatening financial order and public interests unless it is closed, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority to close the institution in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
第三十九條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)有違法經(jīng)營、經(jīng)營管理不善等情形，不予撤銷將嚴(yán)重危害金融秩序、損害公眾利益的，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)有權(quán)予以撤銷。
Article 40 In the case of the take-over, restructuring, or closure of a banking institution, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority to require the directors, senior managers and other staff of the banking institution to perform their duties according to the requirements of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.
第四十條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)被接管、重組或者被撤銷的，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)有權(quán)要求該銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的董事、高級管理人員和其他工作人員，按照國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)的要求履行職責(zé)。
In the course of the take-over, restructuring or liquidation after the closure of a banking institution, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority, subject to the approval of its chief responsible person, to take the following measures against the directors and senior managers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible:
在接管、機構(gòu)重組或者撤銷清算期間，經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)，對直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員，可以采取下列措施：
(1)when the departure from the People’s Republic of China of the directors and senior managers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible is likely to jeopardize the national interests, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council may request the border control authority to prevent them from leaving the People’s Republic of China; and
（一）直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員出境將對國家利益造成重大損失的，通知出境管理機關(guān)依法阻止其出境；
(2)to request the judicial authority to prohibit the directors and senior managers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible from moving or transferring their properties, or establishing other rights on their properties.
（二）申請司法機關(guān)禁止其轉(zhuǎn)移、轉(zhuǎn)讓財產(chǎn)或者對其財產(chǎn)設(shè)定其他權(quán)利。
Article 41 The banking regulatory authority or its provincial office shall have the authority, subject to the approval of its chief responsible person, to inspect the bank accounts of the banking institution suspected in violation of laws and regulations, and the bank accounts of its staff and connected parties, and may, subject to the approval of its chief responsible person, request the judicial authority to freeze the illegally obtained funds that are suspected to be transferred or concealed.
第四十一條 經(jīng)國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)或者其省一級派出機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)，銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)有權(quán)查詢涉嫌金融違法的銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)及其工作人員以及關(guān)聯(lián)行為人的賬戶；對涉嫌轉(zhuǎn)移或者隱匿違法資金的，經(jīng)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)，可以申請司法機關(guān)予以凍結(jié)。
Article 42 The banking regulatory authority may, subject to approval by the head of the banking regulatory authority at or above the level of municipality, take the following measures to investigate the institutions and individuals suspected of violating the law during its inspection on banking institutions:
第四十二條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)依法對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)進(jìn)行檢查時，經(jīng)設(shè)區(qū)的市一級以上銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人批準(zhǔn)，可以對與涉嫌違法事項有關(guān)的單位和個人采取下列措施：
(1)to interview relevant institutions and individuals and require them to provide explanations on relevant matters;
（一）詢問有關(guān)單位或者個人，要求其對有關(guān)情況作出說明；
(2)to check and make copies of the documents and materials related to financial records or property ownership records; and
（二）查閱、復(fù)制有關(guān)財務(wù)會計、財產(chǎn)權(quán)登記等文件、資料；
(3)to record and keep a file of the documents and materials that are likely to be removed, concealed, destroyed or falsified.
（三）對可能被轉(zhuǎn)移、隱匿、毀損或者偽造的文件、資料，予以先行登記保存。
Where the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraphs are being taken, there shall be no less than two investigators, who shall present their legal certificates and the written notification of investigation. Where there are less than two investigators, or no legal certificates and written notification of investigation are presented, the relevant institutions or individuals shall have the right to refuse the investigation. Where the measures are taken according to law, the relevant institutions or individuals shall be cooperative, truthfully disclose the required information and provide relevant documents and materials, and shall not refuse or hamper the investigation or conceal the information.
銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)采取前款規(guī)定措施，調(diào)查人員不得少于二人，并應(yīng)當(dāng)出示合法證件和調(diào)查通知書；調(diào)查人員少于二人或者未出示合法證件和調(diào)查通知書的，有關(guān)單位或者個人有權(quán)拒絕。對依法采取的措施，有關(guān)單位和個人應(yīng)當(dāng)配合，如實說明有關(guān)情況并提供有關(guān)文件、資料，不得拒絕、阻礙和隱瞞。
Chapter V Legal Liability
第五章 法律責(zé)任
Article 43 When the supervisory staff of the banking regulatory authority commits any of the following acts, he or she shall be subject to administrative sanctions according to law. If the case constitutes a crime, he or she shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law:
第四十三條 銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)從事監(jiān)督管理工作的人員有下列情形之一的，依法給予行政處分；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任：
(1)to authorize, in violation of regulations, a banking institution’s establishment, changes, termination, business scope or offering of products or services within its business scope;
（一）違反規(guī)定審查批準(zhǔn)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的設(shè)立、變更、終止，以及業(yè)務(wù)范圍和業(yè)務(wù)范圍內(nèi)的業(yè)務(wù)品種的；
(2)to conduct on-site examination of banking institutions in violation of regulations;
（二）違反規(guī)定對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢查的；
(3)to fail to report emergency situations in the banking sector in accordance with Article 28 of this law;
（三）未依照本法第二十八條規(guī)定報告突發(fā)事件的；
(4)to inspect bank accounts or request freezing of funds in violation of regulations;
（四）違反規(guī)定查詢賬戶或者申請凍結(jié)資金的；
(5)to take enforcement actions against a banking institution in violation of regulations;
（五）違反規(guī)定對銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)采取措施或者處罰的；
(6)to investigate the relevant institutions or individuals against Article 42 of this Law; and
（六）違反本法第四十二條規(guī)定對有關(guān)單位或者個人進(jìn)行調(diào)查的；
(7)other acts such as abuse of power and/or neglect of duties.
（七）濫用職權(quán)、玩忽職守的其他行為。
The supervisory staff of the banking regulatory authority who commits embezzlement, bribery or divulgence of national, commercial or personal confidential information shall, if the case constitutes a crime, be investigated for criminal liability according to law, and if the case does not constitute a crime, be subject to administrative sanctions according to law.
銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)從事監(jiān)督管理工作的人員貪污受賄，泄露國家秘密、商業(yè)秘密和個人隱私，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。
Article 44 When a banking institution is established, or banking businesses are conducted without the authorization of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority to ban such institution or businesses. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law. If the case does not constitute a crime, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall confiscate the illegal gains. If the amount of illegal gains exceeds 500,000 yuan, a fine ranging from one to five times the amount of illegal gains shall be imposed. If no illegal gains are involved or the amount of illegal gains is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine ranging from 500,000 yuan to 2,000,000 yuan shall be imposed.
第四十四條 擅自設(shè)立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)或者非法從事銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)活動的，由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)予以取締；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)沒收違法所得，違法所得五十萬元以上的，并處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下罰款；沒有違法所得或者違法所得不足五十萬元的，處五十萬元以上二百萬元以下罰款。
Article 45 When a banking institution commits any of the following acts, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall order it to take corrective measures, and, if illegal gains are involved, shall confiscate the illegal gains. If the amount of illegal gains exceeds 500,000 yuan, a fine ranging from one to five times the amount of illegal gains shall be imposed. If no illegal gains are involved, or the amount of illegal gains is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine ranging from 500,000 yuan to 2,000,000 yuan shall be imposed. If the case is particularly serious, or the banking institution fails to make correction within the prescribed period of time, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council may order suspension of business for rectification or revocation of its banking license. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
第四十五條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)有下列情形之一，由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)責(zé)令改正，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得，違法所得五十萬元以上的，并處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下罰款；沒有違法所得或者違法所得不足五十萬元的，處五十萬元以上二百萬元以下罰款；情節(jié)特別嚴(yán)重或者逾期不改正的，可以責(zé)令停業(yè)整頓或者吊銷其經(jīng)營許可證；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任：
(1)to establish a branch without authorization;
（一）未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)設(shè)立分支機構(gòu)的；
(2)to change or terminate business operations without authorization;
（二）未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)變更、終止的；
(3)to offer a product or service without approval or filing with the banking regulatory authority under the State Council; and
（三）違反規(guī)定從事未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)或者未備案的業(yè)務(wù)活動的；
(4)to raise or lower interest rates on deposits or loans in violation of regulations.
（四）違反規(guī)定提高或者降低存款利率、貸款利率的。
Article 46 When a banking institution commits any of the following acts, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall order it to take corrective measures, and concurrently impose a fine ranging from 200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan. If the case is particularly serious, or the banking institution fails to make correction within the prescribed period of time, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council may order suspension of business for rectification or revocation of its banking license. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
第四十六條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)有下列情形之一，由國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)責(zé)令改正，并處二十萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款；情節(jié)特別嚴(yán)重或者逾期不改正的，可以責(zé)令停業(yè)整頓或者吊銷其經(jīng)營許可證；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任：
(1)to appoint directors or senior managers without the fit and proper test;
（一）未經(jīng)任職資格審查任命董事、高級管理人員的；
(2)to refuse or obstruct the off-site surveillance or on-site examination;
（二）拒絕或者阻礙非現(xiàn)場監(jiān)管或者現(xiàn)場檢查的；
(3)to submit statements, reports, documents or materials that are false or conceal important facts;
（三）提供虛假的或者隱瞞重要事實的報表、報告等文件、資料的；
(4)to fail to disclose information to the public in accordance with regulations;
（四）未按照規(guī)定進(jìn)行信息披露的；
(5)to fail to meet prudential rules and regulations with serious consequences; and
（五）嚴(yán)重違反審慎經(jīng)營規(guī)則的；
(6)to refuse to take measures as required by Article 37 of this law.
（六）拒絕執(zhí)行本法第三十七條規(guī)定的措施的。
Article 47 When a banking institution fails to submit statements, reports, documents or materials in accordance with regulations, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall order it to take corrective measures. If the banking institution fails to make correction within the prescribed period of time, the banking regulatory authority may impose a fine ranging from 100,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.
第四十七條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)不按照規(guī)定提供報表、報告等文件、資料的，由銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)責(zé)令改正，逾期不改正的，處十萬元以上三十萬元以下罰款。
Article 48 When a banking institution violates laws, administrative regulations or other national regulations on banking regulation and supervision, the banking regulatory authority may, in addition to the enforcement actions prescribed in Article 43 to Article 46 of this law, take the following measures depending on the severity of the circumstance:
第四十八條 銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)違反法律、行政法規(guī)以及國家有關(guān)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理規(guī)定的，銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)除依照本法第四十四條至第四十七條規(guī)定處罰外，還可以區(qū)別不同情形，采取下列措施：
(1)to order the banking institution to impose disciplinary sanctions on the directors and senior mangers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible;
（一）責(zé)令銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)對直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員給予紀(jì)律處分；
(2)if the case does not constitute a crime, to issue a disciplinary warning to the directors and senior managers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible and concurrently impose on them a fine ranging from 50,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan; and
（二）銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的行為尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，對直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員給予警告，處五萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款；
(3) to disqualify the directors and senior mangers directly in charge as being unfit and improper for a specified period of time or for life, and/or to bar the directors and senior mangers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible from banking for a specified period of time or for life.
（三）取消直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員一定期限直至終身的任職資格，禁止直接負(fù)責(zé)的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員一定期限直至終身從事銀行業(yè)工作。
Article 49 Anyone who hampers the lawful inspection or investigation conducted by the staff members of the banking regulatory authority shall be subject to penalties by the public security authority; and if his or her behavior constitutes a crime, he or she shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law.
第四十九條 阻礙銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)工作人員依法執(zhí)行檢查、調(diào)查職務(wù)的，由公安機關(guān)依法給予治安管理處罰；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
第六章 附則
Article 50 Where the laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise the regulation and supervision of policy banks and asset management companies, these provisions shall prevail.
第五十條 對在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)設(shè)立的政策性銀行、金融資產(chǎn)管理公司的監(jiān)督管理，法律、行政法規(guī)另有規(guī)定的，依照其規(guī)定。
Article 51 Where the laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise the regulation and supervision of the wholly foreign-funded banking institutions, Sino-foreign joint venture banking institutions and branches of foreign banking institutions that are established in the People’s Republic of China, these provisions shall prevail.
第五十一條 對在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)設(shè)立的外資銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)、中外合資銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)、外國銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的分支機構(gòu)的監(jiān)督管理，法律、行政法規(guī)另有規(guī)定的，依照其規(guī)定。
Article 52 This law shall enter into effect as of February 1, 2004.
第五十二條 本法自2004年2月1日起施行。